BORON, B (5)

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ATOMIC ARCHITECTURE

Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Boron

···

OVERVIEW

BORON

B (5)

ˈbɔːrɒn

PHONETICS

IDENTIFICATION

Boron is produced entirely by cosmic ray spallation and not by stellar nucleosynthesis and is a low-abundance element in both the Solar system and the Earth’s crust.

ELEMENT BRIEF

1808 by Sir Humphrey Davy, France.

DISCOVERY

Arabic, 'buraq' and the Persian 'burah'.

ETYMOLOGY

Boron

ELEMENT

B

SYMBOL

5

ATOMIC NUMBER

7440-42-8

CAS NUMBER

PHYSICAL

element

ELEMENTAL SPECTRUM

Black

ELEMENTAL COLOUR

-

REFRACTIVE INDEX

-

POISSON RATIO

4.395 cm³

MOLAR VOLUME

-

BRINELL HARDNESS

9.30

MOHS HARDNESS

49.00G Pa, 483.592'4k Atm

VICKERS HARDNESS

16,200 m/s, Mach 47.230'3

SPEED OF SOUND

320.00G Pa, 3.158'2M Atm

BULK MODULUS

-

SHEAR MODULUS

-

YOUNG MODULUS

ALLOTROPES

element

element

element

THERMODYNAMIC

2,348.15 K, 2,075.00 °C

MELTING POINT

4,273.15 K, 4,000.00 °C

BOILING POINT

-

AUTOMATIC IGNITION

-

FLASHPOINT

-

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

-

CRITICAL PRESSURE

27.000'000 W/(m K)

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

0.000’006'0 K¯¹

THERMAL EXPANSION

1,030.00 J/(kg K)

SPECIFIC HEAT

50.000 kJ/mol

HEAT FUSION

507.000 kJ/mol

HEAT VAPORISATION

-

HEAT COMBUSTION

-

CURIE POINT

-

NEEL POINT

-

ADIABATIC INDEX

Solid

PHASE

ELECTROMAGNETIC

Insulator

ELECTRICAL TYPE

100.00μ S/m

CONDUCTIVITY

10.00k Ω.m

RESISTIVITY

-

SUPERCONDUCTING POINT

Diamagnetic

MAGNETIC TYPE

-0.000'000'008'7

MASS SUSCEPTIBILITY

-0.000'000'000'094'10

MOLAR SUSCEPTIBILITY

-0.000'021'400'00

VOLUME SUSCEPTIBILITY

STRUCTURE

Metalloid

CLASSIFICATION

10.811'028'1

ATOMIC WEIGHT

87 pm

ATOMIC RADIUS

85 pm

COVALENT RADIUS SINGLE BOND

78 pm

COVALENT RADIUS DOUBLE BOND

73 pm

COVALENT RADIUS TRIPLE BOND

192 pm

VAN DER WAALS RADIUS

[He]2s²2p¹

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

Rhombohedral, Primitive

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

2.460'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS SOLID

2.080'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS LIQUID

-

DENSITY AS GAS

R_3m

SPACE GROUP NAME

166

SPACE GROUP NUMBER

1.013'34, 1.013'34 & 1.013'34

LATTICE ANGLES

506, 506 & 506 pm

LATTICE CONSTANTS

REACTIVITY

3

VALENCE

2.04

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

26.99 kJ/mol

ELECTRON AFFINITY

IONISATION ENERGY

element

element

element

element

element

ELEMENTAL DISTRIBUTION

0.000'000'1 %

UNIVERSE

0.000'16 %

METEORITES

0.000'000'2 %

SUN

0.000'11 %

EARTH CRUST

0.000'44 %

OCEANS

0.000'07 %

HUMANS

ISOTOPES

Stable

HALF LIFE

Stable

LIFETIME

2p¹ = 2, 1, -1, +1/2

QUANTUM NUMBERS

5.240'00 b σ_s

NEUTRON CROSS SECTION

767.000'00 b σ_a

NEUTRON MASS ABSORPTION

STABLE ISOTOPES

element

element

UNSTABLE ISOTOPES

element

element

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ISOTOPIC CHAIN

Isotope	Stability	Symbol	Type	Protons		Neutrons		Spin	Parity	Mass		Abundance		Mass Measure	Mass Excess		Binding Energy		Dipole Moment		Quadrupole Moment		Halflife in Years		Halflife in Seconds		A01 Decay Probability		A01 Decay Mode	A01 Decay Energy		A01 Decay Daughter	A01 Decay Link	A02 Decay Probability		A02 Decay Mode	A02 Decay Energy		A02 Decay Daughter	A02 Decay Link	A03 Decay Probability		A03 Decay Mode	A03 Decay Energy		A03 Decay Daughter	A03 Decay Link	A04 Decay Probability		A04 Decay Mode	A04 Decay Energy		A04 Decay Daughter	A04 Decay Link	A05 Decay Probability		A05 Decay Mode	A05 Decay Energy		A05 Decay Daughter	A05 Decay Link	A06 Decay Probability		A06 Decay Mode	A06 Decay Energy		A06 Decay Daughter	A06 Decay Link	Y01 Decay Product Yield		Y01 Decay Product Nuclide	Y02 Decay Product Yield		Y02 Decay Product Nuclide	Y03 Decay Product Yield		Y03 Decay Product Nuclide	Y04 Decay Product Yield		Y04 Decay Product Nuclide	Y05 Decay Product Yield		Y05 Decay Product Nuclide	Y06 Decay Product Yield		Y06 Decay Product Nuclide	Y07 Decay Product Yield		Y07 Decay Product Nuclide	Y08 Decay Product Yield		Y08 Decay Product Nuclide	Y09 Decay Product Yield		Y09 Decay Product Nuclide	Y10 Decay Product Yield		Y10 Decay Product Nuclide	Y11 Decay Product Yield		Y11 Decay Product Nuclide	Y12 Decay Product Yield		Y12 Decay Product Nuclide
Isotope_005_b_6_u	Unstable	⁶B	Fermion	5	p	1	n	2	-1	6.046'810'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	43.603'000'000'0	MeV	0.152'100'000'0	MeV	-		-		?				?	%	2p	3,702.000	keV	⁴Li	⁶B > [ ? % , 2p , 3,702.0 keV ] > ⁴Li																																				?	%	³He
Isotope_005_b_7_u	Unstable	⁷B	Boson	5	p	2	n	3/2	-1	7.029'917'901'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	27.868'346'000'0	MeV	3.531'306'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.11E-29	year	350.000	yocto-seconds ( x⁻²⁴ )	100.000'000	%	p	2,204.400	keV	⁶Be	⁷B > [ 100 % , p , 2,204.4 keV ] > ⁶Be																																				100.000'000	%	⁴He
Isotope_005_b_8_u	Unstable	⁸B	Fermion	5	p	3	n	2	1	8.024'607'233'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	22.921'490'000'0	MeV	4.717'164'000'0	MeV	1.035'500'000'0	nm	-		2.44E-8	year	770.000	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β+α	?	keV	⁴He	⁸B > [ 100 % , β+α , ? keV ] > ⁴He																																				100.000'000	%	⁴He
Isotope_005_b_9_u	Unstable	⁹B	Boson	5	p	4	n	3/2	-1	9.013'328'782'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	12.415'681'000'0	MeV	6.257'160'000'0	MeV	-		-		2.54E-26	year	800.000	zepto-seconds ( x⁻²¹ )	100.000'000	%	p	185.040	keV	⁴He	⁹B > [ 100 % , p , 185.04 keV ] > ⁴He																																				100.000'000	%	⁴He
Isotope_005_b_10_s	Stable	¹⁰B	Fermion	5	p	5	n	3	1	10.012'936'992'0	u	19.900'000	%	1.992'574'461'4	12.050'731'000'0	MeV	6.475'071'000'0	MeV	1.800'644'800'0	nm	0.084'720'000'0	b	-
Isotope_005_b_11_s	Stable	¹¹B	Boson	5	p	6	n	3/2	-1	11.009'305'406'0	u	80.100'000	%	8.818'453'630'2	8.667'931'000'0	MeV	6.927'711'000'0	MeV	2.688'648'900'0	nm	0.040'650'000'0	b	-
Isotope_005_b_12_u	Unstable	¹²B	Fermion	5	p	7	n	1	1	12.014'352'104'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	13.368'899'000'0	MeV	6.631'264'000'0	MeV	1.003'060'000'0	nm	0.013'400'000'0	b	6.40E-10	year	20.200	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	98.000'000	%	β-	13,368.900	keV	¹²C	¹²B > [ 98 % , β- , 13,368.9 keV ] > ¹²C	1.600'000	%	β-α	6,002.310	keV	⁸Be	¹²B > [ 1.6 % , β-α , 6,002.31 keV ] > ⁸Be																													98.000'000	%	¹²C	1.600'000	%	⁴He
Isotope_005_b_13_u	Unstable	¹³B	Boson	5	p	8	n	3/2	-1	13.017'780'217'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	16.562'166'000'0	MeV	6.496'402'000'0	MeV	3.177'800'000'0	nm	0.037'000'000'0	b	5.49E-10	year	17.330	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-	13,437.160	keV	¹³C	¹³B > [ 100 % , β- , 13,437.16 keV ] > ¹³C	0.280'000	%	β-n	8,490.850	keV	¹²C	¹³B > [ 0.28 % , β-n , 8,490.85 keV ] > ¹²C																													100.000'000	%	¹³C	0.279'900	%	¹²C
Isotope_005_b_14_u	Unstable	¹⁴B	Fermion	5	p	9	n	2	-1	14.025'404'009'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	23.663'683'000'0	MeV	6.101'645'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.96E-10	year	12.500	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	94.000'000	%	β-	20,643.800	keV	¹⁴C	¹⁴B > [ 94 % , β- , 20,643.8 keV ] > ¹⁴C	6.040'000	%	β-n	12,467.300	keV	¹³C	¹⁴B > [ 6.04 % , β-n , 12,467.3 keV ] > ¹³C																													94.000'000	%	¹⁴N	6.040'000	%	¹³C
Isotope_005_b_15_u	Unstable	¹⁵B	Boson	5	p	10	n	3/2	-1	15.031'103'021'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	28.972'278'000'0	MeV	5.879'050'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.13E-10	year	9.870	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	93.600'000	%	β-n	17,881.100	keV	¹⁴C	¹⁵B > [ 93.6 % , β-n , 17,881.1 keV ] > ¹⁴C	0.400'000	%	β-2n	9,704.600	keV	¹³C	¹⁵B > [ 0.4 % , β-2n , 9,704.6 keV ] > ¹³C																													93.600'000	%	¹⁴N	0.400'000	%	¹³C
Isotope_005_b_16_u	Unstable	¹⁶B	Fermion	5	p	11	n	0	-1	16.039'808'829'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	37.081'686'000'0	MeV	5.509'228'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.02E-18	year	190.000	pico-seconds ( x⁻¹² )	?	%	n	38.100	keV	¹⁵B	¹⁶B > [ ? % , n , 38.1 keV ] > ¹⁵B																																				?	%	¹⁴N	?	%	¹³C
Isotope_005_b_17_u	Unstable	¹⁷B	Boson	5	p	12	n	3/2	-1	17.046'989'906'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	43.770'816'000'0	MeV	5.266'461'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.61E-10	year	5.080	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	63.000'000	%	β-n	22,005.000	keV	¹⁶C	¹⁷B > [ 63 % , β-n , 22,005.0 keV ] > ¹⁶C	11.000'000	%	β-2n	17,755.000	keV	¹⁵C	¹⁷B > [ 11 % , β-2n , 17,755.0 keV ] > ¹⁵C	3.500'000	%	β-3n	?	keV	¹⁴C	¹⁷B > [ 3.5 % , β-3n , ? keV ] > ¹⁴C	0.400'000	%	β-4n	?	keV	¹³C	¹⁷B > [ 0.4 % , β-4n , ? keV ] > ¹³C															72.677'000	%	¹⁵N	3.500'000	%	¹⁴N	0.400'000	%	¹³C
Isotope_005_b_18_u	Unstable	¹⁸B	Fermion	5	p	13	n	4	-1	18.056'170'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	52.322'000'000'0	MeV	4.947'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		8.24E-16	year	26.000	nano-seconds ( x⁻⁹ )	?	%	n	480.000	keV	¹⁷B	¹⁸B > [ ? % , n , 480.0 keV ] > ¹⁷B																																				?	%	¹⁵N	?	%	¹⁴N	?	%	¹³C
Isotope_005_b_19_u	Unstable	¹⁹B	Boson	5	p	14	n	3/2	-1	19.063'730'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	59.364'000'000'0	MeV	4.741'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		9.25E-11	year	2.920	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	75.000'000	%	β-n	26,367.000	keV	¹⁸C	¹⁹B > [ 75 % , β-n , 26,367.0 keV ] > ¹⁸C	25.000'000	%	β-2n	22,183.000	keV	¹⁷C	¹⁹B > [ 25 % , β-2n , 22,183.0 keV ] > ¹⁷C																													46.643'750	%	¹⁶O	39.847'500	%	¹⁸O	6.313'500	%	¹⁴N	5.640'750	%	¹⁷O	0.001'000	%	¹³C	0.000'100	%	¹²C	0.000'100	%	¹²C	0.000'100	%	¹²C	0.000'100	%	¹²C	0.000'100	%	¹²C	0.000'100	%	¹²C	0.000'100	%	¹²C

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