LITHIUM, Li (3)

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Spectrograph

Elemental Tile

Lithium on Salt Lake

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OVERVIEW

LITHIUM

Li (3)

ˈlɪθiəm

PHONETICS

IDENTIFICATION

Lithium is lightest and least dense metal that is highly reactive and flammable and is typically stored in mineral oil as it corrodes quickly from a grey to a black tarnish.

ELEMENT BRIEF

1817, Johan August Arfvedson, Sweden.

DISCOVERY

Ancient Greek, λίθος lithos, 'stone'.

ETYMOLOGY

Lithium

ELEMENT

Li

SYMBOL

3

ATOMIC NUMBER

7439-93-2

CAS NUMBER

PHYSICAL

element

ELEMENTAL SPECTRUM

Silver

ELEMENTAL COLOUR

-

REFRACTIVE INDEX

-

POISSON RATIO

12.972 cm³

MOLAR VOLUME

-

BRINELL HARDNESS

0.60

MOHS HARDNESS

-

VICKERS HARDNESS

6,000 m/s, Mach 17.492'7

SPEED OF SOUND

11.00G Pa, 108.561'6k Atm

BULK MODULUS

4.20G Pa, 41.450'8k Atm

SHEAR MODULUS

4.90G Pa, 48.359'2k Atm

YOUNG MODULUS

ALLOTROPES

element

element

element

THERMODYNAMIC

453.69 K, 180.54 °C

MELTING POINT

1,615.15 K, 1,342.00 °C

BOILING POINT

452.15 K, 179.00 °C

AUTOMATIC IGNITION

-

FLASHPOINT

3,223.00 K, 2,949.85 °C

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

67.00M Pa, 661 Atm

CRITICAL PRESSURE

85.000'000 W/(m K)

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

0.000’046'0 K¯¹

THERMAL EXPANSION

3,570.00 J/(kg K)

SPECIFIC HEAT

3.000 kJ/mol

HEAT FUSION

147.000 kJ/mol

HEAT VAPORISATION

298.000 J/(kg K)

HEAT COMBUSTION

-

CURIE POINT

-

NEEL POINT

-

ADIABATIC INDEX

Solid

PHASE

ELECTROMAGNETIC

Conductor

ELECTRICAL TYPE

11.00M S/m

CONDUCTIVITY

94.00n Ω.m

RESISTIVITY

-

SUPERCONDUCTING POINT

Paramagnetic

MAGNETIC TYPE

0.000'000'006'3

MASS SUSCEPTIBILITY

0.000'000'000'043'70

MOLAR SUSCEPTIBILITY

0.000'003'370'00

VOLUME SUSCEPTIBILITY

STRUCTURE

Alkali Metal

CLASSIFICATION

6.940'037'6

ATOMIC WEIGHT

167 pm

ATOMIC RADIUS

133 pm

COVALENT RADIUS SINGLE BOND

124 pm

COVALENT RADIUS DOUBLE BOND

-

COVALENT RADIUS TRIPLE BOND

181 pm

VAN DER WAALS RADIUS

[He]2s¹

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

Cubic, Body-centred

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

0.535'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS SOLID

0.512'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS LIQUID

-

DENSITY AS GAS

lm_3m

SPACE GROUP NAME

229

SPACE GROUP NUMBER

π/2, π/2 & π/2

LATTICE ANGLES

351, 351 & 351 pm

LATTICE CONSTANTS

REACTIVITY

1

VALENCE

0.98

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

59.63 kJ/mol

ELECTRON AFFINITY

IONISATION ENERGY

element

element

element

ELEMENTAL DISTRIBUTION

0.000'000'6 %

UNIVERSE

0.000'17 %

METEORITES

0.000'000'006 %

SUN

0.001'7 %

EARTH CRUST

0.000'018 %

OCEANS

0.000'234 %

HUMANS

ISOTOPES

Stable

HALF LIFE

Stable

LIFETIME

2s¹ = 2, 0, 0, +1/2

QUANTUM NUMBERS

1.370'00 b σ_s

NEUTRON CROSS SECTION

70.500'00 b σ_a

NEUTRON MASS ABSORPTION

STABLE ISOTOPES

element

element

UNSTABLE ISOTOPES

element

element

element

element

element

element

element

element

ISOTOPIC CHAIN

Isotope	Stability	Symbol	Type	Protons		Neutrons		Spin	Parity	Mass		Abundance		Mass Measure	Mass Excess		Binding Energy		Dipole Moment		Quadrupole Moment		Halflife in Years		Halflife in Seconds		A01 Decay Probability		A01 Decay Mode	A01 Decay Energy		A01 Decay Daughter	A01 Decay Link	A02 Decay Probability		A02 Decay Mode	A02 Decay Energy		A02 Decay Daughter	A02 Decay Link	A03 Decay Probability		A03 Decay Mode	A03 Decay Energy		A03 Decay Daughter	A03 Decay Link	A04 Decay Probability		A04 Decay Mode	A04 Decay Energy		A04 Decay Daughter	A04 Decay Link	A05 Decay Probability		A05 Decay Mode	A05 Decay Energy		A05 Decay Daughter	A05 Decay Link	A06 Decay Probability		A06 Decay Mode	A06 Decay Energy		A06 Decay Daughter	A06 Decay Link	Y01 Decay Product Yield		Y01 Decay Product Nuclide	Y02 Decay Product Yield		Y02 Decay Product Nuclide	Y03 Decay Product Yield		Y03 Decay Product Nuclide	Y04 Decay Product Yield		Y04 Decay Product Nuclide	Y05 Decay Product Yield		Y05 Decay Product Nuclide	Y06 Decay Product Yield		Y06 Decay Product Nuclide	Y07 Decay Product Yield		Y07 Decay Product Nuclide	Y08 Decay Product Yield		Y08 Decay Product Nuclide	Y09 Decay Product Yield		Y09 Decay Product Nuclide	Y10 Decay Product Yield		Y10 Decay Product Nuclide	Y11 Decay Product Yield		Y11 Decay Product Nuclide	Y12 Decay Product Yield		Y12 Decay Product Nuclide
Isotope_003_li_3_u	Unstable	³Li	Boson	3	p	0	n	?	0	3.030'775'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	28.667'000'000'0	MeV	2.267'600'000'0	MeV	-		-		?				?	%	p	?	keV	²He	³Li > [ ? % , p , ? keV ] > ²He
Isotope_003_li_4_u	Unstable	⁴Li	Fermion	3	p	1	n	2	-1	4.027'185'558'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	25.323'185'000'0	MeV	1.153'761'000'0	MeV	-		-		2.88E-30	year	91.000	yocto-seconds ( x⁻²⁴ )	100.000'000	%	p	3,103.000	keV	³He	⁴Li > [ 100 % , p , 3,103.0 keV ] > ³He																																				100.000'000	%	³He
Isotope_003_li_5_u	Unstable	⁵Li	Boson	3	p	2	n	3/2	-1	5.012'537'800'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	11.678'886'000'0	MeV	5.266'132'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.17E-29	year	370.000	yocto-seconds ( x⁻²⁴ )	100.000'000	%	p	1,965.000	keV	⁴He	⁵Li > [ 100 % , p , 1,965.0 keV ] > ⁴He																																				100.000'000	%	⁴He
Isotope_003_li_6_s	Stable	⁶Li	Fermion	3	p	3	n	1	1	6.015'122'794'0	u	7.590'000	%	0.456'547'820'1	14.086'793'000'0	MeV	5.332'345'000'0	MeV	0.822'047'300'0	nm	-0.000'830'000'0	b	-
Isotope_003_li_7_s	Stable	⁷Li	Boson	3	p	4	n	3/2	-1	7.016'004'548'0	u	92.410'000	%	6.483'489'802'8	14.908'141'000'0	MeV	5.606'291'000'0	MeV	3.256'426'800'0	nm	-0.040'600'000'0	b	-
Isotope_003_li_8_u	Unstable	⁸Li	Fermion	3	p	5	n	2	1	8.022'487'362'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	20.946'844'000'0	MeV	5.159'582'000'0	MeV	1.653'560'000'0	nm	-0.031'700'000'0	b	2.66E-8	year	840.300	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	100.000'000	%	β-α	16,097.012	keV	⁴He	⁸Li > [ 100 % , β-α , 16,097.012 keV ] > ⁴He																																				100.000'000	%	⁴He
Isotope_003_li_9_u	Unstable	⁹Li	Boson	3	p	6	n	3/2	-1	9.026'789'505'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	24.954'264'000'0	MeV	5.037'839'000'0	MeV	3.439'100'000'0	nm	-0.027'800'000'0	b	5.65E-9	year	178.300	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	50.800'000	%	β-n	11,941.270	keV	⁸Be	⁹Li > [ 50.8 % , β-n , 11,941.27 keV ] > ⁸Be	49.000'000	%	β-	13,606.620	keV	⁹Be	⁹Li > [ 49 % , β- , 13,606.62 keV ] > ⁹Be																													50.800'000	%	⁴He	49.000'000	%	⁹Be						⁹Be
Isotope_003_li_10_u	Unstable	¹⁰Li	Fermion	3	p	7	n	?	0	10.035'481'259'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	33.050'581'000'0	MeV	4.531'555'000'0	MeV	-		-		6.34E-29	year	2.000	zepto-seconds ( x⁻²¹ )	100.000'000	%	n	25.000	keV	⁹Li	¹⁰Li > [ 100 % , n , 25.0 keV ] > ⁹Li																																				50.800'000	%	⁴He	49.000'000	%	⁹Be						⁹Be
Isotope_003_li_11_u	Unstable	¹¹Li	Boson	3	p	8	n	3/2	-1	11.043'797'715'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	40.797'310'000'0	MeV	4.149'104'000'0	MeV	3.667'800'000'0	nm	-		2.77E-10	year	8.750	milli-seconds ( x⁻³ )	84.900'000	%	β-n	20,119.300	keV	¹⁰Be	¹¹Li > [ 84.9 % , β-n , 20,119.3 keV ] > ¹⁰Be	4.100'000	%	β-2n	13,307.000	keV	⁹Be	¹¹Li > [ 4.1 % , β-2n , 13,307.0 keV ] > ⁹Be	1.900'000	%	β-3n	?	keV	⁸Be	¹¹Li > [ 1.9 % , β-3n , ? keV ] > ⁸Be	1.000'000	%	β-nα	?	keV	⁶He	¹¹Li > [ 1 % , β-nα , ? keV ] > ⁶He	0.014'000	%	β-t	?	keV	⁸Li	¹¹Li > [ 0.014 % , β-t , ? keV ] > ⁸Li	0.013'000	%	β-d	?	keV	⁹Li	¹¹Li > [ 0.013 % , β-d , ? keV ] > ⁹Li	84.899'900	%	¹⁰B	4.106'370	%	⁹B	1.920'607	%	⁴He	1.000'000	%	⁶Li
Isotope_003_li_12_u	Unstable	¹²Li	Fermion	3	p	9	n	?	0	12.053'780'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	50.096'000'000'0	MeV	3.701'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.17E-16	year	10.000	nano-seconds ( x⁻⁹ )	?	%	n	1,227.000	keV	¹¹Li	¹²Li > [ ? % , n , 1,227.0 keV ] > ¹¹Li																																				?	%	⁶Li	?	%	⁴He	?	%	¹⁰B	?	%	⁹Be

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