Ablation Geology Term

A

… is the removal of material from the surface of a meteor as it travels through the atmosphere of a planetary body.

Ablation Geology Term

A

… is the removal of material from the surface of a meteor as it travels through the atmosphere of a planetary body.

Ablation Geology Term

A

… is the removal of material from the surface of a meteor as it travels through the atmosphere of a planetary body.

Ablation Geology Term

A

… is the removal of material from the surface of a meteor as it travels through the atmosphere of a planetary body.

Ablation Geology Term

A

… is the removal of material from the surface of a meteor as it travels through the atmosphere of a planetary body.

Absolute Magnitude Astronomy Term

A

… is a measure of the luminosity of a celestial object, on a logarithmic astronomical magnitude scale. It is equal to the comparative apparent magnitude of the object from 10 parsecs, 32.6 light years, with no extinction of its light due to absorption by interstellar dust particles. The more luminous an object, the smaller the numerical value of its absolute magnitude. Invented by Hipparchus of Greece, 147 BC

Absolute Magnitude Astronomy Term

A

… is a measure of the luminosity of a celestial object, on a logarithmic astronomical magnitude scale. It is equal to the comparative apparent magnitude of the object from 10 parsecs, 32.6 light years, with no extinction of its light due to absorption by interstellar dust particles. The more luminous an object, the smaller the numerical value of its absolute magnitude. Invented by Hipparchus of Greece, 147 BC

Absolute Magnitude Astronomy Term

A

… is a measure of the luminosity of a celestial object, on a logarithmic astronomical magnitude scale. It is equal to the comparative apparent magnitude of the object from 10 parsecs, 32.6 light years, with no extinction of its light due to absorption by interstellar dust particles. The more luminous an object, the smaller the numerical value of its absolute magnitude. Invented by Hipparchus of Greece, 147 BC

Absolute Magnitude Astronomy Term

A

… is a measure of the luminosity of a celestial object, on a logarithmic astronomical magnitude scale. It is equal to the comparative apparent magnitude of the object from 10 parsecs, 32.6 light years, with no extinction of its light due to absorption by interstellar dust particles. The more luminous an object, the smaller the numerical value of its absolute magnitude. Invented by Hipparchus of Greece, 147 BC

Absolute Magnitude Astronomy Term

A

… is a measure of the luminosity of a celestial object, on a logarithmic astronomical magnitude scale. It is equal to the comparative apparent magnitude of the object from 10 parsecs, 32.6 light years, with no extinction of its light due to absorption by interstellar dust particles. The more luminous an object, the smaller the numerical value of its absolute magnitude. Invented by Hipparchus of Greece, 147 BC

Absolute Zero Fundamental Term

A

Absolute Zero = 0 degrees Kelvin (-273.16 degrees Celsius) Discovered by Robert William Boyle, 1665

Absolute Zero Fundamental Term

A

Absolute Zero = 0 degrees Kelvin (-273.16 degrees Celsius) Discovered by Robert William Boyle, 1665

Absolute Zero Fundamental Term

A

Absolute Zero = 0 degrees Kelvin (-273.16 degrees Celsius) Discovered by Robert William Boyle, 1665

Absolute Zero Fundamental Term

A

Absolute Zero = 0 degrees Kelvin (-273.16 degrees Celsius) Discovered by Robert William Boyle, 1665

Absolute Zero Fundamental Term

A

Absolute Zero = 0 degrees Kelvin (-273.16 degrees Celsius) Discovered by Robert William Boyle, 1665

Absorption Lines Fundamental Term

A

… are dark lines within a sampled frequency spectrum, caused by the light absorption of chemical elements that emit and absorb radiated energy at those specific wavelengths, further helping to identify the composition of the star, celestial body or material. Absorption Lines of Helios (Sun) LD SD HD Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1847

Absorption Lines Fundamental Term

A

… are dark lines within a sampled frequency spectrum, caused by the light absorption of chemical elements that emit and absorb radiated energy at those specific wavelengths, further helping to identify the composition of the star, celestial body or material. Absorption Lines of Helios (Sun) LD SD HD Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1847

Absorption Lines Fundamental Term

A

… are dark lines within a sampled frequency spectrum, caused by the light absorption of chemical elements that emit and absorb radiated energy at those specific wavelengths, further helping to identify the composition of the star, celestial body or material. Absorption Lines of Helios (Sun) LD SD HD Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1847

Absorption Lines Fundamental Term

A

… are dark lines within a sampled frequency spectrum, caused by the light absorption of chemical elements that emit and absorb radiated energy at those specific wavelengths, further helping to identify the composition of the star, celestial body or material. Absorption Lines of Helios (Sun) LD SD HD Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1847

Absorption Lines Fundamental Term

A

… are dark lines within a sampled frequency spectrum, caused by the light absorption of chemical elements that emit and absorb radiated energy at those specific wavelengths, further helping to identify the composition of the star, celestial body or material. Absorption Lines of Helios (Sun) LD SD HD Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1847

Accretion Geology Term

A

… is a process where dust and gas accumulate into larger stellar and planetary bodies.

Accretion Geology Term

A

… is a process where dust and gas accumulate into larger stellar and planetary bodies.

Accretion Geology Term

A

… is a process where dust and gas accumulate into larger stellar and planetary bodies.

Accretion Geology Term

A

… is a process where dust and gas accumulate into larger stellar and planetary bodies.

Accretion Geology Term

A

… is a process where dust and gas accumulate into larger stellar and planetary bodies.

Accretion Disk Geology Term

A

… disk of gas that accumulates around a central point of gravitational attraction. As a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole heat the surrounding gas, emitting radiation and visible light.

Accretion Disk Geology Term

A

… disk of gas that accumulates around a central point of gravitational attraction. As a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole heat the surrounding gas, emitting radiation and visible light.

Accretion Disk Geology Term

A

… disk of gas that accumulates around a central point of gravitational attraction. As a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole heat the surrounding gas, emitting radiation and visible light.

Accretion Disk Geology Term

A

… disk of gas that accumulates around a central point of gravitational attraction. As a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole heat the surrounding gas, emitting radiation and visible light.

Accretion Disk Geology Term

A

… disk of gas that accumulates around a central point of gravitational attraction. As a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole heat the surrounding gas, emitting radiation and visible light.

Achondrite Geology Term

A

… is a stone meteorite that contains no chondrules. Achondrite (NWA2482) LD SD HD NWA2118 L3 · NWA5206 LL3 · NWA2738 H3 NWA2892 HL3 · NWA6030 CV3

Achondrite Geology Term

A

… is a stone meteorite that contains no chondrules. Achondrite (NWA2482) LD SD HD NWA2118 L3 · NWA5206 LL3 · NWA2738 H3 NWA2892 HL3 · NWA6030 CV3

Achondrite Geology Term

A

… is a stone meteorite that contains no chondrules. Achondrite (NWA2482) LD SD HD NWA2118 L3 · NWA5206 LL3 · NWA2738 H3 NWA2892 HL3 · NWA6030 CV3

Achondrite Geology Term

A

… is a stone meteorite that contains no chondrules. Achondrite (NWA2482) LD SD HD NWA2118 L3 · NWA5206 LL3 · NWA2738 H3 NWA2892 HL3 · NWA6030 CV3

Achondrite Geology Term

A

… is a stone meteorite that contains no chondrules. Achondrite (NWA2482) LD SD HD NWA2118 L3 · NWA5206 LL3 · NWA2738 H3 NWA2892 HL3 · NWA6030 CV3

Achromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of two lenses made of a combination of crown and flint glass, that bring two wavelengths into focus (red & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Achromatic Doublet Lens LD SD HD Invented by Chester Moore Hall, 1729

Achromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of two lenses made of a combination of crown and flint glass, that bring two wavelengths into focus (red & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Achromatic Doublet Lens LD SD HD Invented by Chester Moore Hall, 1729

Achromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of two lenses made of a combination of crown and flint glass, that bring two wavelengths into focus (red & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Achromatic Doublet Lens LD SD HD Invented by Chester Moore Hall, 1729

Achromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of two lenses made of a combination of crown and flint glass, that bring two wavelengths into focus (red & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Achromatic Doublet Lens LD SD HD Invented by Chester Moore Hall, 1729

Achromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of two lenses made of a combination of crown and flint glass, that bring two wavelengths into focus (red & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Achromatic Doublet Lens LD SD HD Invented by Chester Moore Hall, 1729

Active Galaxy Secondary Plane

A

… are host to galactic nuclei that produce non-stellar emissions of radio, microwave, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray, and Gamma Ray waves, fed by an accretion of mass from a supermassive black hole. Quasars are active galactic nuclei and are the most powerful and luminous source of electromagnetic radiation in the universe. Centaurus A (NGC5128) LD SD HD Cygnus A (M87) · NGC4261 · NGC4151 NGC1566 · Circinus Galaxy Discovered by Carl Keenan Seyfert, 1843

Active Galaxy Secondary Plane

A

… are host to galactic nuclei that produce non-stellar emissions of radio, microwave, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray, and Gamma Ray waves, fed by an accretion of mass from a supermassive black hole. Quasars are active galactic nuclei and are the most powerful and luminous source of electromagnetic radiation in the universe. Centaurus A (NGC5128) LD SD HD Cygnus A (M87) · NGC4261 · NGC4151 NGC1566 · Circinus Galaxy Discovered by Carl Keenan Seyfert, 1843

Active Galaxy Secondary Plane

A

… are host to galactic nuclei that produce non-stellar emissions of radio, microwave, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray, and Gamma Ray waves, fed by an accretion of mass from a supermassive black hole. Quasars are active galactic nuclei and are the most powerful and luminous source of electromagnetic radiation in the universe. Centaurus A (NGC5128) LD SD HD Cygnus A (M87) · NGC4261 · NGC4151 NGC1566 · Circinus Galaxy Discovered by Carl Keenan Seyfert, 1843

Active Galaxy Secondary Plane

A

… are host to galactic nuclei that produce non-stellar emissions of radio, microwave, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray, and Gamma Ray waves, fed by an accretion of mass from a supermassive black hole. Quasars are active galactic nuclei and are the most powerful and luminous source of electromagnetic radiation in the universe. Centaurus A (NGC5128) LD SD HD Cygnus A (M87) · NGC4261 · NGC4151 NGC1566 · Circinus Galaxy Discovered by Carl Keenan Seyfert, 1843

Active Galaxy Secondary Plane

A

… are host to galactic nuclei that produce non-stellar emissions of radio, microwave, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray, and Gamma Ray waves, fed by an accretion of mass from a supermassive black hole. Quasars are active galactic nuclei and are the most powerful and luminous source of electromagnetic radiation in the universe. Centaurus A (NGC5128) LD SD HD Cygnus A (M87) · NGC4261 · NGC4151 NGC1566 · Circinus Galaxy Discovered by Carl Keenan Seyfert, 1843

Afterglow Astronomy Term

A

… is a diminishing fireball of a gamma-ray burst that is observable in less energetic wavelengths (X-ray, optical, and radio). After an explosion, the expanding gamma-ray burst decelerates, absorbs surrounding material that generate the afterglow, and can remain visible for several months. Discovered by The BeppoSAX Team, 1997

Afterglow Astronomy Term

A

… is a diminishing fireball of a gamma-ray burst that is observable in less energetic wavelengths (X-ray, optical, and radio). After an explosion, the expanding gamma-ray burst decelerates, absorbs surrounding material that generate the afterglow, and can remain visible for several months. Discovered by The BeppoSAX Team, 1997

Afterglow Astronomy Term

A

… is a diminishing fireball of a gamma-ray burst that is observable in less energetic wavelengths (X-ray, optical, and radio). After an explosion, the expanding gamma-ray burst decelerates, absorbs surrounding material that generate the afterglow, and can remain visible for several months. Discovered by The BeppoSAX Team, 1997

Afterglow Astronomy Term

A

… is a diminishing fireball of a gamma-ray burst that is observable in less energetic wavelengths (X-ray, optical, and radio). After an explosion, the expanding gamma-ray burst decelerates, absorbs surrounding material that generate the afterglow, and can remain visible for several months. Discovered by The BeppoSAX Team, 1997

Afterglow Astronomy Term

A

… is a diminishing fireball of a gamma-ray burst that is observable in less energetic wavelengths (X-ray, optical, and radio). After an explosion, the expanding gamma-ray burst decelerates, absorbs surrounding material that generate the afterglow, and can remain visible for several months. Discovered in 1997 by The BeppoSAX Team, ESA

Airy Disk Imaging Term

A

… is the best focused point of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make and is only limited by the diffraction of light. This fundamental diffraction pattern, the Airy Disk, has a central bright region, surrounded by a series of concentric rings of decreasing intensity and is the smallest point to which a beam of light can be focused, and is directly related to the wavelength of the illuminating light and the size of the circular aperture. Airy Disk LD SD HD Discovered by George Biddell Airy, 1828

Airy Disk Imaging Term

A

… is the best focused point of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make and is only limited by the diffraction of light. This fundamental diffraction pattern, the Airy Disk, has a central bright region, surrounded by a series of concentric rings of decreasing intensity and is the smallest point to which a beam of light can be focused, and is directly related to the wavelength of the illuminating light and the size of the circular aperture. Airy Disk LD SD HD Discovered by George Biddell Airy, 1828

Airy Disk Imaging Term

A

… is the best focused point of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make and is only limited by the diffraction of light. This fundamental diffraction pattern, the Airy Disk, has a central bright region, surrounded by a series of concentric rings of decreasing intensity and is the smallest point to which a beam of light can be focused, and is directly related to the wavelength of the illuminating light and the size of the circular aperture. Airy Disk LD SD HD Discovered by George Biddell Airy, 1828

Airy Disk Imaging Term

A

… is the best focused point of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make and is only limited by the diffraction of light. This fundamental diffraction pattern, the Airy Disk, has a central bright region, surrounded by a series of concentric rings of decreasing intensity and is the smallest point to which a beam of light can be focused, and is directly related to the wavelength of the illuminating light and the size of the circular aperture. Airy Disk LD SD HD Discovered by George Biddell Airy, 1828

Airy Disk Imaging Term

A

… is the best focused point of light that a perfect lens with a circular aperture can make and is only limited by the diffraction of light. This fundamental diffraction pattern, the Airy Disk, has a central bright region, surrounded by a series of concentric rings of decreasing intensity and is the smallest point to which a beam of light can be focused, and is directly related to the wavelength of the illuminating light and the size of the circular aperture. Airy Disk LD SD HD Discovered by George Biddell Airy, 1828

Albedo Astronomy Term

A

… is the reflective property of a non-luminous object and is expressed as the ratio of total-reflected light. A perfect mirror has an albedo of 100% whilst a black hole would have an albedo of 0%. Discovered by Johann Heinrich Lambert, 1760

Albedo Astronomy Term

A

… is the reflective property of a non-luminous object and is expressed as the ratio of total-reflected light. A perfect mirror has an albedo of 100% whilst a black hole would have an albedo of 0%. Discovered by Johann Heinrich Lambert, 1760

Albedo Astronomy Term

A

… is the reflective property of a non-luminous object and is expressed as the ratio of total-reflected light. A perfect mirror has an albedo of 100% whilst a black hole would have an albedo of 0%. Discovered by Johann Heinrich Lambert, 1760

Albedo Astronomy Term

A

… is the reflective property of a non-luminous object and is expressed as the ratio of total-reflected light. A perfect mirror has an albedo of 100% whilst a black hole would have an albedo of 0%. Discovered by Johann Heinrich Lambert, 1760

Albedo Astronomy Term

A

… is the reflective property of a non-luminous object and is expressed as the ratio of total-reflected light. A perfect mirror has an albedo of 100% whilst a black hole would have an albedo of 0%. Discovered by Johann Heinrich Lambert, 1760

Allocthonous Geology Term

A

… are geological materials that are found in a location that does not belong the area.

Allocthonous Geology Term

A

… are geological materials that are found in a location that does not belong the area.

Allocthonous Geology Term

A

… are geological materials that are found in a location that does not belong the area.

Allocthonous Geology Term

A

… are geological materials that are found in a location that does not belong the area.

Allocthonous Geology Term

A

… are geological materials that are found in a location that does not belong the area.

Angular Momentum Fundamental Term

A

… is a property of stellar or planetary motion and is a conserved quantity, remaining constant, unless acted upon by an external torque. Unlike momentum, angular momentum depends on the chosen origin, as the measure results from the position of a particle under observation. The angular momentum is relational to the angular velocity, of an object (orbit rotation speed) via the moment of inertia (rotational mass distribution). While the angular velocity always points in the direction of the rotation axis, the angular momentum may point in a different direction depending on how the mass is distributed. Discovered by Pierre-Simon Laplace, 1799

Angular Momentum Fundamental Term

A

… is a property of stellar or planetary motion and is a conserved quantity, remaining constant, unless acted upon by an external torque. Unlike momentum, angular momentum depends on the chosen origin, as the measure results from the position of a particle under observation. The angular momentum is relational to the angular velocity, of an object (orbit rotation speed) via the moment of inertia (rotational mass distribution). While the angular velocity always points in the direction of the rotation axis, the angular momentum may point in a different direction depending on how the mass is distributed. Discovered by Pierre-Simon Laplace, 1799

Angular Momentum Fundamental Term

A

… is a property of stellar or planetary motion and is a conserved quantity, remaining constant, unless acted upon by an external torque. Unlike momentum, angular momentum depends on the chosen origin, as the measure results from the position of a particle under observation. The angular momentum is relational to the angular velocity, of an object (orbit rotation speed) via the moment of inertia (rotational mass distribution). While the angular velocity always points in the direction of the rotation axis, the angular momentum may point in a different direction depending on how the mass is distributed. Discovered by Pierre-Simon Laplace, 1799

Angular Momentum Fundamental Term

A

… is a property of stellar or planetary motion and is a conserved quantity, remaining constant, unless acted upon by an external torque. Unlike momentum, angular momentum depends on the chosen origin, as the measure results from the position of a particle under observation. The angular momentum is relational to the angular velocity, of an object (orbit rotation speed) via the moment of inertia (rotational mass distribution). While the angular velocity always points in the direction of the rotation axis, the angular momentum may point in a different direction depending on how the mass is distributed. Discovered by Pierre-Simon Laplace, 1799

Angular Momentum Fundamental Term

A

… is a property of stellar or planetary motion and is a conserved quantity, remaining constant, unless acted upon by an external torque. Unlike momentum, angular momentum depends on the chosen origin, as the measure results from the position of a particle under observation. The angular momentum is relational to the angular velocity, of an object (orbit rotation speed) via the moment of inertia (rotational mass distribution). While the angular velocity always points in the direction of the rotation axis, the angular momentum may point in a different direction depending on how the mass is distributed. Discovered by Pierre-Simon Laplace, 1799

Angular Resolution Imaging Term

A

… is the smallest angular separation that an instrument can observe, with two defined points of light, appearing as two separate objects.

Angular Resolution Imaging Term

A

… is the smallest angular separation that an instrument can observe, with two defined points of light, appearing as two separate objects.

Angular Resolution Imaging Term

A

… is the smallest angular separation that an instrument can observe, with two defined points of light, appearing as two separate objects.

Angular Resolution Imaging Term

A

… is the smallest angular separation that an instrument can observe, with two defined points of light, appearing as two separate objects.

Angular Resolution Imaging Term

A

… is the smallest angular separation that an instrument can observe, with two defined points of light, appearing as two separate objects.

Annular Eclipse Astronomy Term

A

… is a solar eclipse, with the moon covering all except for a bright ring (annulus) around the circumference of the sun. Annular Eclipse LD SD HD

Annular Eclipse Astronomy Term

A

… is a solar eclipse, with the moon covering all except for a bright ring (annulus) around the circumference of the sun. Annular Eclipse LD SD HD

Annular Eclipse Astronomy Term

A

… is a solar eclipse, with the moon covering all except for a bright ring (annulus) around the circumference of the sun. Annular Eclipse LD SD HD

Annular Eclipse Astronomy Term

A

… is a solar eclipse, with the moon covering all except for a bright ring (annulus) around the circumference of the sun. Annular Eclipse LD SD HD

Annular Eclipse Astronomy Term

A

… is a solar eclipse, with the moon covering all except for a bright ring (annulus) around the circumference of the sun. Annular Eclipse LD SD HD

Antimatter Fundamental Term

A

… is matter with the same mass and opposing charge, an antiparticle partner to particles. Thunderstorms create terrestrial gamma ray flashes that release electrons that are accelerated into space and collide with atoms, releasing gamma rays that in turn release photons, colliding again into another atom, transforming into electron (matter) positron (antimatter) pairs. Collisions between any particle and its anti-particle partner leads to their mutual annihilation, giving rise to intense photons of gamma rays, neutrinos, and sometimes less-massive particle–antiparticle pairs. Antimatter in the form of anti-atoms (antihelium) have been created and individual antimatter particles, are commonly produced by particle accelerators, resulting from specific forms of radioactive decay. Antimatter from Lightning LD SD HD Discovered by Carl David Anderson, 1932

Antimatter Fundamental Term

A

… is matter with the same mass and opposing charge, an antiparticle partner to particles. Thunderstorms create terrestrial gamma ray flashes that release electrons that are accelerated into space and collide with atoms, releasing gamma rays that in turn release photons, colliding again into another atom, transforming into electron (matter) positron (antimatter) pairs. Collisions between any particle and its anti-particle partner leads to their mutual annihilation, giving rise to intense photons of gamma rays, neutrinos, and sometimes less-massive particle–antiparticle pairs. Antimatter in the form of anti-atoms (antihelium) have been created and individual antimatter particles, are commonly produced by particle accelerators, resulting from specific forms of radioactive decay. Antimatter from Lightning LD SD HD Discovered by Carl David Anderson, 1932

Antimatter Fundamental Term

A

… is matter with the same mass and opposing charge, an antiparticle partner to particles. Thunderstorms create terrestrial gamma ray flashes that release electrons that are accelerated into space and collide with atoms, releasing gamma rays that in turn release photons, colliding again into another atom, transforming into electron (matter) positron (antimatter) pairs. Collisions between any particle and its anti-particle partner leads to their mutual annihilation, giving rise to intense photons of gamma rays, neutrinos, and sometimes less-massive particle–antiparticle pairs. Antimatter in the form of anti-atoms (antihelium) have been created and individual antimatter particles, are commonly produced by particle accelerators, resulting from specific forms of radioactive decay. Antimatter from Lightning LD SD HD Discovered by Carl David Anderson, 1932

Antimatter Fundamental Term

A

… is matter with the same mass and opposing charge, an antiparticle partner to particles. Thunderstorms create terrestrial gamma ray flashes that release electrons that are accelerated into space and collide with atoms, releasing gamma rays that in turn release photons, colliding again into another atom, transforming into electron (matter) positron (antimatter) pairs. Collisions between any particle and its anti-particle partner leads to their mutual annihilation, giving rise to intense photons of gamma rays, neutrinos, and sometimes less-massive particle–antiparticle pairs. Antimatter in the form of anti-atoms (antihelium) have been created and individual antimatter particles, are commonly produced by particle accelerators, resulting from specific forms of radioactive decay. Antimatter from Lightning LD SD HD Discovered by Carl David Anderson, 1932

Antimatter Fundamental Term

A

… is matter with the same mass and opposing charge, an antiparticle partner to particles. Thunderstorms create terrestrial gamma ray flashes that release electrons that are accelerated into space and collide with atoms, releasing gamma rays that in turn release photons, colliding again into another atom, transforming into electron (matter) positron (antimatter) pairs. Collisions between any particle and its anti-particle partner leads to their mutual annihilation, giving rise to intense photons of gamma rays, neutrinos, and sometimes less-massive particle–antiparticle pairs. Antimatter in the form of anti-atoms (antihelium) have been created and individual antimatter particles, are commonly produced by particle accelerators, resulting from specific forms of radioactive decay. Antimatter from Lightning LD SD HD Discovered by Carl David Anderson, 1932

Apochromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of three lenses that bring three wavelengths into one common focal point (red, green & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Apochromatic Lens LD SD HD Invented by Ernst Karl Abbe, 1868

Apochromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of three lenses that bring three wavelengths into one common focal point (red, green & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Apochromatic Lens LD SD HD Invented by Ernst Karl Abbe, 1868

Apochromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of three lenses that bring three wavelengths into one common focal point (red, green & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Apochromatic Lens LD SD HD Invented by Ernst Karl Abbe, 1868

Apochromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of three lenses that bring three wavelengths into one common focal point (red, green & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Apochromatic Lens LD SD HD Invented by Ernst Karl Abbe, 1868

Apochromatic Lens Imaging Equipment

A

… is a combination of three lenses that bring three wavelengths into one common focal point (red, green & blue) on the same plane to eradicate chromatic aberrations from images. Apochromatic Lens LD SD HD Invented by Ernst Karl Abbe, 1868

Archean Eon Geology Timeline

A

3,800 to 2,500 Million Years Ago Oxygen Creation Epoch

Archean Eon Geology Timeline

A

3,800 to 2,500 Million Years Ago Oxygen Creation Epoch

Archean Eon Geology Timeline

A

3,800 to 2,500 Million Years Ago Oxygen Creation Epoch

Archean Eon Geology Timeline

A

3,800 to 2,500 Million Years Ago Oxygen Creation Epoch

Archean Eon Geology Timeline

A

3,800 to 2,500 Million Years Ago Oxygen Creation Epoch

Asteroid Quinary Plane

A

… born within a solar nebula and mainly composed of mineral and rock, asteroids are planetary bodies that are smaller than dwarf planets. Known as minor planets, planetoids, or remnants of planetesimals, are largely found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are an astronomical body, that directly orbits (or co-orbits as the prime dominant sibling of a planetary system) a parent nucleus with a singular (star or black hole) or multiple (stars or black holes) of greater mass. There are an estimated 1.9 million known Asteroids, ranging in size from 1m to 1,000km in diameter. Psyche Asteroid LD SD HD Vesta · Pallas · Hygiea · Euphrosyne · Interamnia Davida · Herculina · Eunomia · Juno Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Quinary Plane

A

… born within a solar nebula and mainly composed of mineral and rock, asteroids are planetary bodies that are smaller than dwarf planets. Known as minor planets, planetoids, or remnants of planetesimals, are largely found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are an astronomical body, that directly orbits (or co-orbits as the prime dominant sibling of a planetary system) a parent nucleus with a singular (star or black hole) or multiple (stars or black holes) of greater mass. There are an estimated 1.9 million known Asteroids, ranging in size from 1m to 1,000km in diameter. Psyche Asteroid LD SD HD Vesta · Pallas · Hygiea · Euphrosyne · Interamnia Davida · Herculina · Eunomia · Juno Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Quinary Plane

A

… born within a solar nebula and mainly composed of mineral and rock, asteroids are planetary bodies that are smaller than dwarf planets. Known as minor planets, planetoids, or remnants of planetesimals, are largely found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are an astronomical body, that directly orbits (or co-orbits as the prime dominant sibling of a planetary system) a parent nucleus with a singular (star or black hole) or multiple (stars or black holes) of greater mass. There are an estimated 1.9 million known Asteroids, ranging in size from 1m to 1,000km in diameter. Psyche Asteroid LD SD HD Vesta · Pallas · Hygiea · Euphrosyne · Interamnia Davida · Herculina · Eunomia · Juno Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Quinary Plane

A

… born within a solar nebula and mainly composed of mineral and rock, asteroids are planetary bodies that are smaller than dwarf planets. Known as minor planets, planetoids, or remnants of planetesimals, are largely found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are an astronomical body, that directly orbits (or co-orbits as the prime dominant sibling of a planetary system) a parent nucleus with a singular (star or black hole) or multiple (stars or black holes) of greater mass. There are an estimated 1.9 million known Asteroids, ranging in size from 1m to 1,000km in diameter. Psyche Asteroid LD SD HD Vesta · Pallas · Hygiea · Euphrosyne · Interamnia Davida · Herculina · Eunomia · Juno Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Quinary Plane

A

… born within a solar nebula and mainly composed of mineral and rock, asteroids are planetary bodies that are smaller than dwarf planets. Known as minor planets, planetoids, or remnants of planetesimals, are largely found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are an astronomical body, that directly orbits (or co-orbits as the prime dominant sibling of a planetary system) a parent nucleus with a singular (star or black hole) or multiple (stars or black holes) of greater mass. There are an estimated 1.9 million known Asteroids, ranging in size from 1m to 1,000km in diameter. Psyche Asteroid LD SD HD Vesta · Pallas · Hygiea · Euphrosyne · Interamnia Davida · Herculina · Eunomia · Juno Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Belt Quinary Plane

A

… with a mass equivalent to 4% of the Moon and located between the orbits of the planet Mars and Jupiter, the belt is home to the dwarf planet Ceres, and principal asteroids: Vesta, Pallas, Hygiea, and remaining asteroids are composed of carbonaceous (73%), silicate (17%), and metal-rich materials (10%). Asteroid Belt LD SD HD Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Belt Quinary Plane

A

… with a mass equivalent to 4% of the Moon and located between the orbits of the planet Mars and Jupiter, the belt is home to the dwarf planet Ceres, and principal asteroids: Vesta, Pallas, Hygiea, and remaining asteroids are composed of carbonaceous (73%), silicate (17%), and metal-rich materials (10%). Asteroid Belt LD SD HD Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Belt Quinary Plane

A

… with a mass equivalent to 4% of the Moon and located between the orbits of the planet Mars and Jupiter, the belt is home to the dwarf planet Ceres, and principal asteroids: Vesta, Pallas, Hygiea, and remaining asteroids are composed of carbonaceous (73%), silicate (17%), and metal-rich materials (10%). Asteroid Belt LD SD HD Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Belt Quinary Plane

A

… with a mass equivalent to 4% of the Moon and located between the orbits of the planet Mars and Jupiter, the belt is home to the dwarf planet Ceres, and principal asteroids: Vesta, Pallas, Hygiea, and remaining asteroids are composed of carbonaceous (73%), silicate (17%), and metal-rich materials (10%). Asteroid Belt LD SD HD Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Asteroid Belt Quinary Plane

A

… with a mass equivalent to 4% of the Moon and located between the orbits of the planet Mars and Jupiter, the belt is home to the dwarf planet Ceres, and principal asteroids: Vesta, Pallas, Hygiea, and remaining asteroids are composed of carbonaceous (73%), silicate (17%), and metal-rich materials (10%). Asteroid Belt LD SD HD Discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi, 1801

Astrometry Astronomy Term

A

… is the field of astronomy tasked with the measurement, position, and motion of heavenly bodies. Discovered by Hipparchus of Nicaea, 190 BC

Astrometry Astronomy Term

A

… is the field of astronomy tasked with the measurement, position, and motion of heavenly bodies. Discovered by Hipparchus of Nicaea, 190 BC

Astrometry Astronomy Term

A

… is the field of astronomy tasked with the measurement, position, and motion of heavenly bodies. Discovered by Hipparchus of Nicaea, 190 BC

Astrometry Astronomy Term

A

… is the field of astronomy tasked with the measurement, position, and motion of heavenly bodies. Discovered by Hipparchus of Nicaea, 190 BC

Astrometry Astronomy Term

A

… is the field of astronomy tasked with the measurement, position, and motion of heavenly bodies. Discovered by Hipparchus of Nicaea, 190 BC

Astron Quaternary Plane

A

… is a combination of gravitationally bound stellar or planetary bodies, surrounding a parent nucleus with one or many stars (Star System), black holes (Bothron System), or a combination thereof (Hybrid Star System). Helios Solar System, 13 Planets LD SD HD Gliese 876, ST (4P) · HR 8832, ST (7P) · HD 40307, ST (6P) Mu Arae, ST (4P) · Sgr A, BH (7ST)

Astron Quaternary Plane

A

… is a combination of gravitationally bound stellar or planetary bodies, surrounding a parent nucleus with one or many stars (Star System), black holes (Bothron System), or a combination thereof (Hybrid Star System). Helios Solar System, 13 Planets LD SD HD Gliese 876, ST (4P) · HR 8832, ST (7P) · HD 40307, ST (6P) Mu Arae, ST (4P) · Sgr A, BH (7ST)

Astron Quaternary Plane

A

… is a combination of gravitationally bound stellar or planetary bodies, surrounding a parent nucleus with one or many stars (Star System), black holes (Bothron System), or a combination thereof (Hybrid Star System). Helios Solar System, 13 Planets LD SD HD Gliese 876, ST (4P) · HR 8832, ST (7P) · HD 40307, ST (6P) Mu Arae, ST (4P) · Sgr A, BH (7ST)

Astron Quaternary Plane

A

… is a combination of gravitationally bound stellar or planetary bodies, surrounding a parent nucleus with one or many stars (Star System), black holes (Bothron System), or a combination thereof (Hybrid Star System). Helios Solar System, 13 Planets LD SD HD Gliese 876, ST (4P) · HR 8832, ST (7P) · HD 40307, ST (6P) Mu Arae, ST (4P) · Sgr A, BH (7ST)

Astron Quaternary Plane

A

… is a combination of gravitationally bound stellar or planetary bodies, surrounding a parent nucleus with one or many stars (Star System), black holes (Bothron System), or a combination thereof (Hybrid Star System). Helios Solar System, 13 Planets LD SD HD Gliese 876, ST (4P) · HR 8832, ST (7P) HD 40307, ST (6P) Mu Arae, ST (4P) · Sgr A, BH (7ST)

Astronomical Unit Fundamental Constant

A

1 AU = 149,597,870,700 m Discovered by Archimedes of Syracuse, 242 BC

Astronomical Unit Fundamental Constant

A

1 AU = 149,597,870,700 m Discovered by Archimedes of Syracuse, 242 BC

Astronomical Unit Fundamental Constant

A

1 AU = 149,597,870,700 m Discovered by Archimedes of Syracuse, 242 BC

Astronomical Unit Fundamental Constant

A

1 AU = 149,597,870,700 m Discovered by Archimedes of Syracuse, 242 BC

Astronomical Unit Fundamental Constant

A

1 AU = 149,597,870,700 m Discovered by Archimedes of Syracuse, 242 BC

Atmospheric Distortion Astronomy Term

A

… as light from the heavens travel starlight travels through the atmosphere of a planet, air pockets behave like a lens, bending light in unpredictable ways including the twinkle of the stars.

Atmospheric Distortion Astronomy Term

A

… as light from the heavens travel starlight travels through the atmosphere of a planet, air pockets behave like a lens, bending light in unpredictable ways including the twinkle of the stars.

Atmospheric Distortion Astronomy Term

A

… as light from the heavens travel starlight travels through the atmosphere of a planet, air pockets behave like a lens, bending light in unpredictable ways including the twinkle of the stars.

Atmospheric Distortion Astronomy Term

A

… as light from the heavens travel starlight travels through the atmosphere of a planet, air pockets behave like a lens, bending light in unpredictable ways including the twinkle of the stars.

Atmospheric Distortion Astronomy Term

A

… as light from the heavens travel starlight travels through the atmosphere of a planet, air pockets behave like a lens, bending light in unpredictable ways including the twinkle of the stars.

Aurora Astronomy Term

A

… a glow in the ionosphere of a planet is caused by the interaction between the planetary magnetic field and the solar wind (energized electrons and protons) affecting atoms visibly in the upper atmosphere. Auroras are common throughout the solar system and on Earth, they are known as the “Northern Lights” (Aurora Borealis) or “Southern Lights” (Aurora Australis). Aurora Australis LD SD HD Aurora Borealis LD SD HD Aurora on Saturn LD SD HD Discovered by Benjamin Franklin, 1749

Aurora Astronomy Term

A

… a glow in the ionosphere of a planet is caused by the interaction between the planetary magnetic field and the solar wind (energized electrons and protons) affecting atoms visibly in the upper atmosphere. Auroras are common throughout the solar system and on Earth, they are known as the “Northern Lights” (Aurora Borealis) or “Southern Lights” (Aurora Australis). Aurora Australis LD SD HD Aurora Borealis LD SD HD Aurora on Saturn LD SD HD Discovered by Benjamin Franklin, 1749

Aurora Astronomy Term

A

… a glow in the ionosphere of a planet is caused by the interaction between the planetary magnetic field and the solar wind (energized electrons and protons) affecting atoms visibly in the upper atmosphere. Auroras are common throughout the solar system and on Earth, they are known as the “Northern Lights” (Aurora Borealis) or “Southern Lights” (Aurora Australis). Aurora Australis LD SD HD Aurora Borealis LD SD HD Aurora on Saturn LD SD HD Discovered by Benjamin Franklin, 1749

Aurora Astronomy Term

A

… a glow in the ionosphere of a planet is caused by the interaction between the planetary magnetic field and the solar wind (energized electrons and protons) affecting atoms visibly in the upper atmosphere. Auroras are common throughout the solar system and on Earth, they are known as the “Northern Lights” (Aurora Borealis) or “Southern Lights” (Aurora Australis). Aurora Australis LD SD HD Aurora Borealis LD SD HD Aurora on Saturn LD SD HD Discovered by Benjamin Franklin, 1749

Aurora Astronomy Term

A

… a glow in the ionosphere of a planet is caused by the interaction between the planetary magnetic field and the solar wind (energized electrons and protons) affecting atoms visibly in the upper atmosphere. Auroras are common throughout the solar system and on Earth, they are known as the “Northern Lights” (Aurora Borealis) or “Southern Lights” (Aurora Australis). Aurora Australis LD SD HD Aurora Borealis LD SD HD Aurora on Saturn LD SD HD Discovered by Benjamin Franklin, 1749

Autoguider Imaging Equipment

A

… an astrophotography tool that allow for long exposures by maintaining the prime telescope “field of view” by locking onto a targeted star and allowing the autoguider to communicate to the telescope mount and make relative and exacting corrections. Imaging of deep sky objects, require exposure times of many minutes to maintain clarity and held at the same position within the telescope’s field of view throughout the whole exposure. Autoguider LD SD HD Invented by Vladimir Kosmich Zworykin, 1913

Autoguider Imaging Equipment

A

… an astrophotography tool that allow for long exposures by maintaining the prime telescope “field of view” by locking onto a targeted star and allowing the autoguider to communicate to the telescope mount and make relative and exacting corrections. Imaging of deep sky objects, require exposure times of many minutes to maintain clarity and held at the same position within the telescope’s field of view throughout the whole exposure. Autoguider LD SD HD Invented by Vladimir Kosmich Zworykin, 1913

Autoguider Imaging Equipment

A

… an astrophotography tool that allow for long exposures by maintaining the prime telescope “field of view” by locking onto a targeted star and allowing the autoguider to communicate to the telescope mount and make relative and exacting corrections. Imaging of deep sky objects, require exposure times of many minutes to maintain clarity and held at the same position within the telescope’s field of view throughout the whole exposure. Autoguider LD SD HD Invented by Vladimir Kosmich Zworykin, 1913

Autoguider Imaging Equipment

A

… an astrophotography tool that allow for long exposures by maintaining the prime telescope “field of view” by locking onto a targeted star and allowing the autoguider to communicate to the telescope mount and make relative and exacting corrections. Imaging of deep sky objects, require exposure times of many minutes to maintain clarity and held at the same position within the telescope’s field of view throughout the whole exposure. Autoguider LD SD HD Invented by Vladimir Kosmich Zworykin, 1913

Autoguider Imaging Equipment

A

… an astrophotography tool that allow for long exposures by maintaining the prime telescope “field of view” by locking onto a targeted star and allowing the autoguider to communicate to the telescope mount and make relative and exacting corrections. Imaging of deep sky objects, require exposure times of many minutes to maintain clarity and held at the same position within the telescope’s field of view throughout the whole exposure. Autoguider LD SD HD Invented by Vladimir Kosmich Zworykin, 1913

Azimuth Astronomy Term

A

… the direction of a celestial object from the observer, starting North, measured clockwise in degrees around the horizon of the observer. North has an azimuth of 0º, East 90º, South 180º and West 270º.

Azimuth Astronomy Term

A

… the direction of a celestial object from the observer, starting North, measured clockwise in degrees around the horizon of the observer. North has an azimuth of 0º, East 90º, South 180º and West 270º.

Azimuth Astronomy Term

A

… the direction of a celestial object from the observer, starting North, measured clockwise in degrees around the horizon of the observer. North has an azimuth of 0º, East 90º, South 180º and West 270º.

Azimuth Astronomy Term

A

… the direction of a celestial object from the observer, starting North, measured clockwise in degrees around the horizon of the observer. North has an azimuth of 0º, East 90º, South 180º and West 270º.

Azimuth Astronomy Term

A

… the direction of a celestial object from the observer, starting North, measured clockwise in degrees around the horizon of the observer. North has an azimuth of 0º, East 90º, South 180º and West 270º.

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Barlow Lens Imaging Equipment

B

… a diverging lens which is used in series with other optics, with three elements for an achromatic correction and four elements for an apochromatic correction, which increases the effective focal length of an optical system, resulting in a magnified image. Barlow Lens (Apochromatic) LD SD HD Invented by Peter Barlow, 1833

Barlow Lens Imaging Equipment

B

… a diverging lens which is used in series with other optics, with three elements for an achromatic correction and four elements for an apochromatic correction, which increases the effective focal length of an optical system, resulting in a magnified image. Barlow Lens (Apochromatic) LD SD HD Invented by Peter Barlow, 1833

Barlow Lens Imaging Equipment

B

… a diverging lens which is used in series with other optics, with three elements for an achromatic correction and four elements for an apochromatic correction, which increases the effective focal length of an optical system, resulting in a magnified image. Barlow Lens (Apochromatic) LD SD HD Invented by Peter Barlow, 1833

Barlow Lens Imaging Equipment

B

… a diverging lens which is used in series with other optics, with three elements for an achromatic correction and four elements for an apochromatic correction, which increases the effective focal length of an optical system, resulting in a magnified image. Barlow Lens (Apochromatic) LD SD HD Invented by Peter Barlow, 1833

Barlow Lens Imaging Equipment

B

… a diverging lens which is used in series with other optics, with three elements for an achromatic correction and four elements for an apochromatic correction, which increases the effective focal length of an optical system, resulting in a magnified image. Barlow Lens (Apochromatic) LD SD HD Invented by Peter Barlow, 1833

Barred Spiral Galaxy Secondary Plane

B

… amounting to 10% of all galaxies in the known universe, the Hubble Classification ranges from (SBa), (SBb) & (SBc) with an elliptical core that has a bar of bright stars across the centre of the bulge. One or a multitude of galactic arms radiate from a disk, extending from this central bulge, surrounded by a halo. M77 (NGC1068) LD SD HD NGC2787 · NGC4314 · NGC4921 · NGC3953 NGC1073 · NGC2903 · NGC5398 Discovered by Edwin Powell Hubble, 1924

Barred Spiral Galaxy Secondary Plane

B

… amounting to 10% of all galaxies in the known universe, the Hubble Classification ranges from (SBa), (SBb) & (SBc) with an elliptical core that has a bar of bright stars across the centre of the bulge. One or a multitude of galactic arms radiate from a disk, extending from this central bulge, surrounded by a halo. M77 (NGC1068) LD SD HD NGC2787 · NGC4314 · NGC4921 · NGC3953 NGC1073 · NGC2903 · NGC5398 Discovered by Edwin Powell Hubble, 1924

Barred Spiral Galaxy Secondary Plane

B

… amounting to 10% of all galaxies in the known universe, the Hubble Classification ranges from (SBa), (SBb) & (SBc) with an elliptical core that has a bar of bright stars across the centre of the bulge. One or a multitude of galactic arms radiate from a disk, extending from this central bulge, surrounded by a halo. M77 (NGC1068) LD SD HD NGC2787 · NGC4314 · NGC4921 · NGC3953 NGC1073 · NGC2903 · NGC5398 Discovered by Edwin Powell Hubble, 1924

Barred Spiral Galaxy Secondary Plane

B

… amounting to 10% of all galaxies in the known universe, the Hubble Classification ranges from (SBa), (SBb) & (SBc) with an elliptical core that has a bar of bright stars across the centre of the bulge. One or a multitude of galactic arms radiate from a disk, extending from this central bulge, surrounded by a halo. M77 (NGC1068) LD SD HD NGC2787 · NGC4314 · NGC4921 · NGC3953 NGC1073 · NGC2903 · NGC5398 Discovered by Edwin Powell Hubble, 1924

Barred Spiral Galaxy Secondary Plane

B

… amounting to 10% of all galaxies in the known universe, the Hubble Classification ranges from (SBa), (SBb) & (SBc) with an elliptical core that has a bar of bright stars across the centre of the bulge. One or a multitude of galactic arms radiate from a disk, extending from this central bulge, surrounded by a halo. M77 (NGC1068) LD SD HD NGC2787 · NGC4314 · NGC4921 · NGC3953 NGC1073 · NGC2903 · NGC5398 Discovered by Edwin Powell Hubble, 1924

Baseline Array Imaging Term

B

… a reference to number of imaging devices, that are combined and calibrated to work together as a single instrument, the larger the baseline, the greater the resolving power. This aperture synthesis denotes a form of interferometry that combines signals from a collection of imaging sources to produce images having the same angular resolution as an instrument the size of the entire collection. Very Large Array, 675M USA, New Mexico LD SD HD

Baseline Array Imaging Term

B

… a reference to number of imaging devices, that are combined and calibrated to work together as a single instrument, the larger the baseline, the greater the resolving power. This aperture synthesis denotes a form of interferometry that combines signals from a collection of imaging sources to produce images having the same angular resolution as an instrument the size of the entire collection. Very Large Array, 675M USA, New Mexico LD SD HD

Baseline Array Imaging Term

B

… a reference to number of imaging devices, that are combined and calibrated to work together as a single instrument, the larger the baseline, the greater the resolving power. This aperture synthesis denotes a form of interferometry that combines signals from a collection of imaging sources to produce images having the same angular resolution as an instrument the size of the entire collection. Very Large Array, 675M USA, New Mexico LD SD HD

Baseline Array Imaging Term

B

… a reference to number of imaging devices, that are combined and calibrated to work together as a single instrument, the larger the baseline, the greater the resolving power. This aperture synthesis denotes a form of interferometry that combines signals from a collection of imaging sources to produce images having the same angular resolution as an instrument the size of the entire collection. Very Large Array, 675M USA, New Mexico LD SD HD

Baseline Array Imaging Term

B

… a reference to number of imaging devices, that are combined and calibrated to work together as a single instrument, the larger the baseline, the greater the resolving power. This aperture synthesis denotes a form of interferometry that combines signals from a collection of imaging sources to produce images having the same angular resolution as an instrument the size of the entire collection. Very Large Array, 675M USA, New Mexico LD SD HD

Big Bang Astronomy Term

B

… an event, predicted by theory to depict the universe as forming from a single point in space, 13.7 billion years ago. Measurements of background radiation by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the observed expansion of space, confirm this cosmological model for the universe. WMAP data of the Background Cosmic Radiation LD SD HD Discovered by Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître, 1931

Big Bang Astronomy Term

B

… an event, predicted by theory to depict the universe as forming from a single point in space, 13.7 billion years ago. Measurements of background radiation by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the observed expansion of space, confirm this cosmological model for the universe. WMAP data of the Background Cosmic Radiation LD SD HD Discovered by Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître, 1931

Big Bang Astronomy Term

B

… an event, predicted by theory to depict the universe as forming from a single point in space, 13.7 billion years ago. Measurements of background radiation by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the observed expansion of space, confirm this cosmological model for the universe. WMAP data of the Background Cosmic Radiation LD SD HD Discovered by Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître, 1931

Big Bang Astronomy Term

B

… an event, predicted by theory to depict the universe as forming from a single point in space, 13.7 billion years ago. Measurements of background radiation by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the observed expansion of space, confirm this cosmological model for the universe. WMAP data of the Background Cosmic Radiation LD SD HD Discovered by Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître, 1931

Big Bang Astronomy Term

B

… an event, predicted by theory to depict the universe as forming from a single point in space, 13.7 billion years ago. Measurements of background radiation by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) and the observed expansion of space, confirm this cosmological model for the universe. WMAP data of the Background Cosmic Radiation LD SD HD Discovered by Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître, 1931

Binary Stars Quaternary Plane

B

… a system of two stars, bound together by their mutual gravitational attraction, and revolve around a common centre of gravity (barycentre). Binary Stars (Epsilon & Lyrae) LD SD HD ALPHA CENTAURI (RIGEL KENTAURUS) · BETA CENTAURI (HADAR) Discovered by Friedrich William Herschel, 1802

Binary Stars Quaternary Plane

B

… a system of two stars, bound together by their mutual gravitational attraction, and revolve around a common centre of gravity (barycentre). Binary Stars (Epsilon & Lyrae) LD SD HD ALPHA CENTAURI (RIGEL KENTAURUS) · BETA CENTAURI (HADAR) Discovered by Friedrich William Herschel, 1802

Binary Stars Quaternary Plane

B

… a system of two stars, bound together by their mutual gravitational attraction, and revolve around a common centre of gravity (barycentre). Binary Stars (Epsilon & Lyrae) LD SD HD ALPHA CENTAURI (RIGEL KENTAURUS) · BETA CENTAURI (HADAR) Discovered by Friedrich William Herschel, 1802

Binary Stars Quaternary Plane

B

… a system of two stars, bound together by their mutual gravitational attraction, and revolve around a common centre of gravity (barycentre). Binary Stars (Epsilon & Lyrae) LD SD HD ALPHA CENTAURI (RIGEL KENTAURUS) BETA CENTAURI (HADAR) Discovered by Friedrich William Herschel, 1802

Binary Stars Quaternary Plane

B

… a system of two stars, bound together by their mutual gravitational attraction, and revolve around a common centre of gravity (barycentre). Binary Stars (Epsilon & Lyrae) LD SD HD ALPHA CENTAURI (RIGEL KENTAURUS) BETA CENTAURI (HADAR) Discovered by Friedrich William Herschel, 1802

Black Body Fundamental Term

B

… is a property of a physical body that absorbs incidental electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1860

Black Body Fundamental Term

B

… is a property of a physical body that absorbs incidental electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1860

Black Body Fundamental Term

B

… is a property of a physical body that absorbs incidental electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1860

Black Body Fundamental Term

B

… is a property of a physical body that absorbs incidental electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1860

Black Body Fundamental Term

B

… is a property of a physical body that absorbs incidental electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. Discovered by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1860

Black Hole Quaternary Plane

B

… occupies a region of spacetime whereby, an objective combined mass cannot withstand the pressure of gravitational effects of that system, converting mass to energy and is retained by an event horizon. This barrier forbids any particle or radiation to escape from within and will only emit radiation (Hawking) that is the same spectrum as a black body of a temperature inversely proportional to its mass. Neutron stars at the end of their life cycle may gravitationally collapse to become a Black Hole, and may grow by absorbing other stars or merging with other black holes. On 11 February 2016, gravity waves from a binary black hole merger was detected and on 15 June 2016, a second gravitational wave event was detected from colliding black holes. The existence and mass of a black hole can be determined through its interaction with other matter and light, as matter falling into a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction and form some of the brightest objects in the universe. The centre of our own Milky Way Galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole equivalent to 4.3 million solar masses. SGR A Black Hole LD SD HD AP Lib · Arp 220 · Fornax A · IC 1459 · Mrk 180 NGC 1277 · NGC 4889 · OJ 287 Discovered by John Mitchell, 1784

Black Hole Quaternary Plane

B

… occupies a region of spacetime whereby, an objective combined mass cannot withstand the pressure of gravitational effects of that system, converting mass to energy and is retained by an event horizon. This barrier forbids any particle or radiation to escape from within and will only emit radiation (Hawking) that is the same spectrum as a black body of a temperature inversely proportional to its mass. Neutron stars at the end of their life cycle may gravitationally collapse to become a Black Hole, and may grow by absorbing other stars or merging with other black holes. On 11 February 2016, gravity waves from a binary black hole merger was detected and on 15 June 2016, a second gravitational wave event was detected from colliding black holes. The existence and mass of a black hole can be determined through its interaction with other matter and light, as matter falling into a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction and form some of the brightest objects in the universe. The centre of our own Milky Way Galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole equivalent to 4.3 million solar masses. SGR A Black Hole LD SD HD AP Lib · Arp 220 · Fornax A · IC 1459 · Mrk 180 NGC 1277 · NGC 4889 · OJ 287 Discovered by John Mitchell, 1784

Black Hole Quaternary Plane

B

… occupies a region of spacetime whereby, an objective combined mass cannot withstand the pressure of gravitational effects of that system, converting mass to energy and is retained by an event horizon. This barrier forbids any particle or radiation to escape from within and will only emit radiation (Hawking) that is the same spectrum as a black body of a temperature inversely proportional to its mass. Neutron stars at the end of their life cycle may gravitationally collapse to become a Black Hole, and may grow by absorbing other stars or merging with other black holes. On 11 February 2016, gravity waves from a binary black hole merger was detected and on 15 June 2016, a second gravitational wave event was detected from colliding black holes. The existence and mass of a black hole can be determined through its interaction with other matter and light, as matter falling into a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction and form some of the brightest objects in the universe. The centre of our own Milky Way Galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole equivalent to 4.3 million solar masses. SGR A Black Hole LD SD HD AP Lib · Arp 220 · Fornax A · IC 1459 · Mrk 180 NGC 1277 · NGC 4889 · OJ 287 Discovered by John Mitchell, 1784

Black Hole Quaternary Plane

B

… occupies a region of spacetime whereby, an objective combined mass cannot withstand the pressure of gravitational effects of that system, converting mass to energy and is retained by an event horizon. This barrier forbids any particle or radiation to escape from within and will only emit radiation (Hawking) that is the same spectrum as a black body of a temperature inversely proportional to its mass. Neutron stars at the end of their life cycle may gravitationally collapse to become a Black Hole, and may grow by absorbing other stars or merging with other black holes. On 11 February 2016, gravity waves from a binary black hole merger was detected and on 15 June 2016, a second gravitational wave event was detected from colliding black holes. The existence and mass of a black hole can be determined through its interaction with other matter and light, as matter falling into a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction and form some of the brightest objects in the universe. The centre of our own Milky Way Galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole equivalent to 4.3 million solar masses. SGR A Black Hole LD SD HD AP Lib · Arp 220 · Fornax A · IC 1459 · Mrk 180 NGC 1277 · NGC 4889 · OJ 287 Discovered by John Mitchell, 1784

Black Hole Quaternary Plane

B

… occupies a region of spacetime whereby, an objective combined mass cannot withstand the pressure of gravitational effects of that system, converting mass to energy and is retained by an event horizon. This barrier forbids any particle or radiation to escape from within and will only emit radiation (Hawking) that is the same spectrum as a black body of a temperature inversely proportional to its mass. Neutron stars at the end of their life cycle may gravitationally collapse to become a Black Hole, and may grow by absorbing other stars or merging with other black holes. On 11 February 2016, gravity waves from a binary black hole merger was detected and on 15 June 2016, a second gravitational wave event was detected from colliding black holes. The existence and mass of a black hole can be determined through its interaction with other matter and light, as matter falling into a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction and form some of the brightest objects in the universe. The centre of our own Milky Way Galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole equivalent to 4.3 million solar masses. SGR A Black Hole LD SD HD AP Lib · Arp 220 · Fornax A · IC 1459 · Mrk 180 NGC 1277 · NGC 4889 · OJ 287 Discovered by John Mitchell, 1784

Blazar Secondary Plane

B

… is a compact quasar (quasi-stellar radio source) with a supermassive black hole at the center of an active, giant elliptical galaxy. They are among the most energetic phenomena in the universe and represent optically violent variable (OVV) quasars and BL Lac objects. BL Lacertae Blazar LD SD HD 3C 273 · PKS 2155-304 · Markarian 421 Markarian 501 · S5 0014+81 Discovered by Peter Albert Strittmatter, 1972

Blazar Secondary Plane

B

… is a compact quasar (quasi-stellar radio source) with a supermassive black hole at the center of an active, giant elliptical galaxy. They are among the most energetic phenomena in the universe and represent optically violent variable (OVV) quasars and BL Lac objects. BL Lacertae Blazar LD SD HD 3C 273 · PKS 2155-304 · Markarian 421 Markarian 501 · S5 0014+81 Discovered by Peter Albert Strittmatter, 1972

Blazar Secondary Plane

B

… is a compact quasar (quasi-stellar radio source) with a supermassive black hole at the center of an active, giant elliptical galaxy. They are among the most energetic phenomena in the universe and represent optically violent variable (OVV) quasars and BL Lac objects. BL Lacertae Blazar LD SD HD 3C 273 · PKS 2155-304 · Markarian 421 Markarian 501 · S5 0014+81 Discovered by Peter Albert Strittmatter, 1972

Blazar Secondary Plane

B

… is a compact quasar (quasi-stellar radio source) with a supermassive black hole at the center of an active, giant elliptical galaxy. They are among the most energetic phenomena in the universe and represent optically violent variable (OVV) quasars and BL Lac objects. BL Lacertae Blazar LD SD HD 3C 273 · PKS 2155-304 · Markarian 421 Markarian 501 · S5 0014+81 Discovered by Peter Albert Strittmatter, 1972

Blazar Secondary Plane

B

… is a compact quasar (quasi-stellar radio source) with a supermassive black hole at the center of an active, giant elliptical galaxy. They are among the most energetic phenomena in the universe and represent optically violent variable (OVV) quasars and BL Lac objects. BL Lacertae Blazar LD SD HD 3C 273 · PKS 2155-304 · Markarian 421 Markarian 501 · S5 0014+81 Discovered by Peter Albert Strittmatter, 1972

Blink Comparator Imaging Equipment

B

… a legacy viewing device for finding differences between two photographs of the night sky by rapidly viewing alternating photographs (blinking) taken of the same area of the sky and at different times. In photographs taken days apart, planets, asteroids and comets would stand out, as they would appear to be jumping between two positions, whilst all other fixed stars stood still. Images taken at longer intervals detect stars with proper motion, variable stars, or to distinguish binary from optical double stars (The dwarf planet Pluto was found this way). Digital imaging, storage and processing now replaces these methods as image differencing algorithms detect moving objects more effectively. Blink Comparator LD SD HD Invented by Carl Pulfrich, 1904

Blink Comparator Imaging Equipment

B

… a legacy viewing device for finding differences between two photographs of the night sky by rapidly viewing alternating photographs (blinking) taken of the same area of the sky and at different times. In photographs taken days apart, planets, asteroids and comets would stand out, as they would appear to be jumping between two positions, whilst all other fixed stars stood still. Images taken at longer intervals detect stars with proper motion, variable stars, or to distinguish binary from optical double stars (The dwarf planet Pluto was found this way). Digital imaging, storage and processing now replaces these methods as image differencing algorithms detect moving objects more effectively. Blink Comparator LD SD HD Invented by Carl Pulfrich, 1904

Blink Comparator Imaging Equipment

B

… a legacy viewing device for finding differences between two photographs of the night sky by rapidly viewing alternating photographs (blinking) taken of the same area of the sky and at different times. In photographs taken days apart, planets, asteroids and comets would stand out, as they would appear to be jumping between two positions, whilst all other fixed stars stood still. Images taken at longer intervals detect stars with proper motion, variable stars, or to distinguish binary from optical double stars (The dwarf planet Pluto was found this way). Digital imaging, storage and processing now replaces these methods as image differencing algorithms detect moving objects more effectively. Blink Comparator LD SD HD Invented by Carl Pulfrich, 1904

Blink Comparator Imaging Equipment

B

… a legacy viewing device for finding differences between two photographs of the night sky by rapidly viewing alternating photographs (blinking) taken of the same area of the sky and at different times. In photographs taken days apart, planets, asteroids and comets would stand out, as they would appear to be jumping between two positions, whilst all other fixed stars stood still. Images taken at longer intervals detect stars with proper motion, variable stars, or to distinguish binary from optical double stars (The dwarf planet Pluto was found this way). Digital imaging, storage and processing now replaces these methods as image differencing algorithms detect moving objects more effectively. Blink Comparator LD SD HD Invented by Carl Pulfrich, 1904

Blink Comparator Imaging Equipment

B

… a legacy viewing device for finding differences between two photographs of the night sky by rapidly viewing alternating photographs (blinking) taken of the same area of the sky and at different times. In photographs taken days apart, planets, asteroids and comets would stand out, as they would appear to be jumping between two positions, whilst all other fixed stars stood still. Images taken at longer intervals detect stars with proper motion, variable stars, or to distinguish binary from optical double stars (The dwarf planet Pluto was found this way). Digital imaging, storage and processing now replaces these methods as image differencing algorithms detect moving objects more effectively. Blink Comparator LD SD HD Invented by Carl Pulfrich, 1904

Blueshift Fundamental Term

B

… any decrease in wavelength, with an increase in frequency, of an electromagnetic wave, shifting from the red, to the blue end of the spectrum. Doppler blueshift is caused by movement of a source towards the observer. Discovered by Christian Andreas Doppler, 1842

Blueshift Fundamental Term

B

… any decrease in wavelength, with an increase in frequency, of an electromagnetic wave, shifting from the red, to the blue end of the spectrum. Doppler blueshift is caused by movement of a source towards the observer. Discovered by Christian Andreas Doppler, 1842

Blueshift Fundamental Term

B

… any decrease in wavelength, with an increase in frequency, of an electromagnetic wave, shifting from the red, to the blue end of the spectrum. Doppler blueshift is caused by movement of a source towards the observer. Discovered by Christian Andreas Doppler, 1842

Blueshift Fundamental Term

B

… any decrease in wavelength, with an increase in frequency, of an electromagnetic wave, shifting from the red, to the blue end of the spectrum. Doppler blueshift is caused by movement of a source towards the observer. Discovered by Christian Andreas Doppler, 1842

Blueshift Fundamental Term

B

… any decrease in wavelength, with an increase in frequency, of an electromagnetic wave, shifting from the red, to the blue end of the spectrum. Doppler blueshift is caused by movement of a source towards the observer. Discovered by Christian Andreas Doppler, 1842

Bok Globule Secondary Plane

B

… are isolated small dark nebulae that are interstellar clouds of very cold gas. They are found in H II regions, contained within a light year across and are composed of molecular hydrogen, carbon oxides, helium, and silicate dust. Stars are born within Bok Globules and contain Herbig–Haro Objects and outflows of molecular gas, which commonly result in the formation of multiple star systems. Thackeray Bok Globules (IC2944) LD SD HD NGC281 · NGC3199 · IC2948 Discovered by Bartholomeus Jan “Bart” Bok, 1947

Bok Globule Secondary Plane

B

… are isolated small dark nebulae that are interstellar clouds of very cold gas. They are found in H II regions, contained within a light year across and are composed of molecular hydrogen, carbon oxides, helium, and silicate dust. Stars are born within Bok Globules and contain Herbig–Haro Objects and outflows of molecular gas, which commonly result in the formation of multiple star systems. Thackeray Bok Globules (IC2944) LD SD HD NGC281 · NGC3199 · IC2948 Discovered by Bartholomeus Jan “Bart” Bok, 1947