TANTALUM, Ta (73)

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ATOMIC ARCHITECTURE

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OVERVIEW

TANTALUM

Ta (73)

ˈtæntələm

PHONETICS

IDENTIFICATION

Tantalum is a rare, hard, blue-grey, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. It is part of the refractory metals group, which are widely used as minor components in alloys. With its chemical inertness, it makes a valuable substance for laboratory equipment and a substitute for platinum. Tantalum is also used for medical implants and bone repair and its main use today is in tantalum capacitors in electronic equipment and is chemically similar to niobium.

ELEMENT BRIEF

1802 by Anders Ekeberg, Sweden.

DISCOVERY

Greek 'Tantalos' meaning 'father of Niobe' (Greek mythology).

ETYMOLOGY

Tantalum

ELEMENT

Ta

SYMBOL

73

ATOMIC NUMBER

7440-25-7

CAS NUMBER

PHYSICAL

element

ELEMENTAL SPECTRUM

Grey

ELEMENTAL COLOUR

-

REFRACTIVE INDEX

0.340

POISSON RATIO

10.868 cm³

MOLAR VOLUME

800.00M Pa, 7.895'4k Atm

BRINELL HARDNESS

6.50

MOHS HARDNESS

873.00M Pa, 8.615'8k Atm

VICKERS HARDNESS

3,400 m/s, Mach 9.912'5

SPEED OF SOUND

200.00G Pa, 1.973'8M Atm

BULK MODULUS

69.00G Pa, 680.977'1k Atm

SHEAR MODULUS

186.00G Pa, 1.835'7M Atm

YOUNG MODULUS

ALLOTROPES

NONE

THERMODYNAMIC

3,290.15 K, 3,017.00 °C

MELTING POINT

5,731.15 K, 5,458.00 °C

BOILING POINT

-

AUTOMATIC IGNITION

-

FLASHPOINT

-

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

-

CRITICAL PRESSURE

57.000'000 W/(m K)

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

0.000'006'3 K¯¹

THERMAL EXPANSION

140.00 J/(kg K)

SPECIFIC HEAT

735.000 kJ/mol

HEAT FUSION

630.000 kJ/mol

HEAT VAPORISATION

-

HEAT COMBUSTION

-

CURIE POINT

-

NEEL POINT

-

ADIABATIC INDEX

Solid

PHASE

ELECTROMAGNETIC

Conductor

ELECTRICAL TYPE

7.70M S/m

CONDUCTIVITY

130.00n Ω.m

RESISTIVITY

4.470 K

SUPERCONDUCTING POINT

-

MAGNETIC TYPE

0.000'000'010'7

MASS SUSCEPTIBILITY

0.000'000'001'936'00

MOLAR SUSCEPTIBILITY

0.000'178'200'00

VOLUME SUSCEPTIBILITY

STRUCTURE

Transition Metal

CLASSIFICATION

180.947'875'7

ATOMIC WEIGHT

193 pm

ATOMIC RADIUS

146 pm

COVALENT RADIUS SINGLE BOND

126 pm

COVALENT RADIUS DOUBLE BOND

119 pm

COVALENT RADIUS TRIPLE BOND

217 pm

VAN DER WAALS RADIUS

[Xe]6s²4f¹⁴5d³

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

Cubic, Body-centred

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

16.650'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS SOLID

15.000'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS LIQUID

-

DENSITY AS GAS

lm_3m

SPACE GROUP NAME

229

SPACE GROUP NUMBER

π/2, π/2 π/2

LATTICE ANGLES

330.13, 330.13 330.13 pm

LATTICE CONSTANTS

REACTIVITY

5

VALENCE

1.5

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

31.17 kJ/mol

ELECTRON AFFINITY

IONISATION ENERGY

element

element

ELEMENTAL DISTRIBUTION

0.000'000'02 %

UNIVERSE

0.000'002 %

METEORITES

-

SUN

0.000'17 %

EARTH CRUST

0.000'000'000'2 %

OCEANS

-

HUMANS

ISOTOPES

Stable

HALF LIFE

Stable

LIFETIME

5s³ = 5, 2, 0, +1/2

QUANTUM NUMBERS

6.010'00 b σ_s

NEUTRON CROSS SECTION

20.600'00 b σ_a

NEUTRON MASS ABSORPTION

STABLE ISOTOPES

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UNSTABLE ISOTOPES

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ISOTOPIC CHAIN

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Isotope	Stability	Symbol	Type	Protons		Neutrons		Spin	Parity	Mass		Abundance		Mass Measure	Mass Excess		Binding Energy		Dipole Moment		Quadrupole Moment		Halflife in Years		Halflife in Seconds		A01 Decay Probability		A01 Decay Mode	A01 Decay Energy		A01 Decay Daughter	A01 Decay Link	A02 Decay Probability		A02 Decay Mode	A02 Decay Energy		A02 Decay Daughter	A02 Decay Link	A03 Decay Probability		A03 Decay Mode	A03 Decay Energy		A03 Decay Daughter	A03 Decay Link	Y01 Decay Product Yield		Y01 Decay Product Nuclide	Y02 Decay Product Yield		Y02 Decay Product Nuclide	Y03 Decay Product Yield		Y03 Decay Product Nuclide	Y04 Decay Product Yield		Y04 Decay Product Nuclide	Y05 Decay Product Yield		Y05 Decay Product Nuclide	Y06 Decay Product Yield		Y06 Decay Product Nuclide	Y07 Decay Product Yield		Y07 Decay Product Nuclide	Y08 Decay Product Yield		Y08 Decay Product Nuclide	Y09 Decay Product Yield		Y09 Decay Product Nuclide
Isotope_073_ta_155_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁵Ta	Boson	73	p	82	n	11/2	-1	154.974'592'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-23.668'000'000'0	MeV	7.856'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		4.12E-13	year	13.000	micro-seconds ( x⁻⁶ )	100.000'000	%	p	1,776.000	keV	¹⁵⁴Hf	¹⁵⁵Ta > [ 100 % , p , 1,776.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁴Hf															?	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁴Gd
Isotope_073_ta_156_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁶Ta	Fermion	73	p	83	n	2	-1	155.972'303'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-25.799'000'000'0	MeV	7.871'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		4.56E-12	year	144.000	micro-seconds ( x⁻⁶ )	100.000'000	%	p	1,013.600	keV	¹⁵⁵Hf	¹⁵⁶Ta > [ 100 % , p , 1,013.6 keV ] > ¹⁵⁵Hf			β+	11,031.000	keV	¹⁵⁶Hf	¹⁵⁶Ta > [ , β+ , 11,031.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁶Hf								64.796'160	%	¹⁵¹Eu	23.210'507	%	¹⁴³Nd	?	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁵Gd	?	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd
Isotope_073_ta_157_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁷Ta	Boson	73	p	84	n	1/2	1	156.968'192'445'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-29.628'547'000'0	MeV	7.896'268'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.20E-13	year	10.100	micro-seconds ( x⁻⁶ )	96.000'000	%	α	6,354.520	keV	¹⁵³Lu	¹⁵⁷Ta > [ 96 % , α , 6,354.52 keV ] > ¹⁵³Lu			p	934.650	keV	¹⁵⁶Hf	¹⁵⁷Ta > [ , p , 934.65 keV ] > ¹⁵⁶Hf	1.000'000	%	β+	8,104.000	keV	¹⁵⁷Hf	¹⁵⁷Ta > [ 1 % , β+ , 8,104.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁷Hf	12.740'353	%	¹⁴⁵Nd	0.290'433	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	0.000'000	%	¹⁴¹Pr	?	%	¹⁴³Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁷Gd	?	%	¹⁵³Eu	?	%	¹⁵¹Eu	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd
Isotope_073_ta_158_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁸Ta	Fermion	73	p	85	n	2	-1	157.966'699'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-31.019'000'000'0	MeV	7.906'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.55E-12	year	49.000	micro-seconds ( x⁻⁶ )	96.000'000	%	α	6,123.500	keV	¹⁵⁴Lu	¹⁵⁸Ta > [ 96 % , α , 6,123.5 keV ] > ¹⁵⁴Lu			β+	10,063.000	keV	¹⁵⁸Hf	¹⁵⁸Ta > [ , β+ , 10,063.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁸Hf								?	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁴Gd	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁸Gd
Isotope_073_ta_159_u	Unstable	¹⁵⁹Ta	Boson	73	p	86	n	1/2	1	158.963'018'173'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-34.448'350'000'0	MeV	7.928'783'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.30E-8	year	1.040	seconds ( x⁰ )	66.000'000	%	β+	7,383.000	keV	¹⁵⁹Hf	¹⁵⁹Ta > [ 66 % , β+ , 7,383.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁹Hf			α	5,680.910	keV	¹⁵⁵Lu	¹⁵⁹Ta > [ , α , 5,680.91 keV ] > ¹⁵⁵Lu								42.900'000	%	¹⁵⁹Tb	37.205'373	%	¹⁵¹Eu	13.327'107	%	¹⁴³Nd	2.534'806	%	¹⁵⁵Gd
Isotope_073_ta_160_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁰Ta	Fermion	73	p	87	n	2	-1	159.961'486'056'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-35.875'507'000'0	MeV	7.938'593'000'0	MeV	-		-		5.39E-8	year	1.700	seconds ( x⁰ )	?	%	β+	9,039.500	keV	¹⁶⁰Hf	¹⁶⁰Ta > [ ? % , β+ , 9,039.5 keV ] > ¹⁶⁰Hf			α	5,449.500	keV	¹⁵⁶Lu	¹⁶⁰Ta > [ , α , 5,449.5 keV ] > ¹⁵⁶Lu								?	%	¹⁶⁰Dy	?	%	¹⁴⁰Ce	?	%	¹⁵²Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁶Gd
Isotope_073_ta_161_u	Unstable	¹⁶¹Ta	Boson	73	p	88	n	1/2	1	160.958'417'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-38.734'000'000'0	MeV	7.957'000'000'0	MeV	-		-		9.51E-8	year	3.000	seconds ( x⁰ )	?	%	β+	6,562.800	keV	¹⁶¹Hf	¹⁶¹Ta > [ ? % , β+ , 6,562.8 keV ] > ¹⁶¹Hf			α	5,324.000	keV	¹⁵⁷Lu	¹⁶¹Ta > [ , α , 5,324.0 keV ] > ¹⁵⁷Lu								?	%	¹⁴¹Pr	?	%	¹⁴⁵Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁷Gd	?	%	¹⁵³Eu	?	%	¹⁶¹Dy
Isotope_073_ta_162_u	Unstable	¹⁶²Ta	Fermion	73	p	89	n	3	1	161.957'291'859'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-39.782'377'000'0	MeV	7.964'348'000'0	MeV	-		-		1.13E-7	year	3.570	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	8,368.500	keV	¹⁶²Hf	¹⁶²Ta > [ 100 % , β+ , 8,368.5 keV ] > ¹⁶²Hf			α	5,007.100	keV	¹⁵⁸Lu	¹⁶²Ta > [ , α , 5,007.1 keV ] > ¹⁵⁸Lu								0.000'677	%	¹⁴²Nd	?	%	¹⁵⁴Gd	?	%	¹⁵⁰Sm	?	%	¹⁵⁸Gd	?	%	¹⁶²Dy
Isotope_073_ta_163_u	Unstable	¹⁶³Ta	Boson	73	p	90	n	1/2	1	162.954'330'271'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-42.541'078'000'0	MeV	7.981'929'000'0	MeV	-		-		3.36E-7	year	10.600	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	5,723.000	keV	¹⁶³Hf	¹⁶³Ta > [ 100 % , β+ , 5,723.0 keV ] > ¹⁶³Hf			α	4,748.980	keV	¹⁵⁹Lu	¹⁶³Ta > [ , α , 4,748.98 keV ] > ¹⁵⁹Lu								100.000'000	%	¹⁶³Dy	0.200'100	%	¹⁵⁹Tb	0.000'196	%	¹⁵⁵Gd	0.000'003	%	¹⁵¹Eu	0.000'001	%	¹⁴³Nd
Isotope_073_ta_164_u	Unstable	¹⁶⁴Ta	Fermion	73	p	91	n	3	1	163.953'534'000'0	u	~ 0	%	~ 0	-43.282'801'000'0	MeV	7.986'997'000'0	MeV	-		-		4.50E-7	year	14.200	seconds ( x⁰ )	100.000'000	%	β+	7,516.500	keV	¹⁶⁴Hf	¹⁶⁴Ta > [ 100 % , β+ , 7,516.5 keV ] > ¹⁶⁴Hf															?	%	¹⁶⁴Dy	?	%	¹⁶⁰Dy

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