CERIUM, Ce (58)

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Cerium from Cerite
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CERIUM

Ce (58)

ˈsɪəriəm

PHONETICS

Cerium is a soft, silvery, ductile metal which easily oxidizes in air. Named after the dwarf planet Ceres (itself named after the Roman goddess of agriculture). Cerium is the most abundant of the rare earth elements, making up about 0.0046% of the Earth’s crust by weight.

ELEMENT BRIEF

1803 by Wilhelm von Hisinger, Jöns Jacob Berzelius and Martin Klaproth, Sweden.

DISCOVERY

Named after the Asteroid Ceres (Dwarf Planet), discovered in 1801.

ETYMOLOGY

Cerium

ELEMENT

Ce

SYMBOL

58

ATOMIC NUMBER

7440-45-1

CAS NUMBER
element

ELEMENTAL SPECTRUM


Silver

ELEMENTAL COLOUR


-

REFRACTIVE INDEX


0.240

POISSON RATIO


20.947 cm³

MOLAR VOLUME


412.00M Pa, 4.066'1k Atm

BRINELL HARDNESS


2.50

MOHS HARDNESS


270.00M Pa, 2.664'7k Atm

VICKERS HARDNESS


2,100 m/s, Mach 6.122'4

SPEED OF SOUND


22.00G Pa, 217.123'1k Atm

BULK MODULUS


14.00G Pa, 138.169'3k Atm

SHEAR MODULUS


34.00G Pa, 335.553'9k Atm

YOUNG MODULUS


ALLOTROPES

element element element element
element

1,071.15 K, 798.00 °C

MELTING POINT


3,633.15 K, 3,360.00 °C

BOILING POINT


-

AUTOMATIC IGNITION


-

FLASHPOINT


-

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE


-

CRITICAL PRESSURE


11.000'000 W/(m K)

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY


0.000'006'3 K¯¹

THERMAL EXPANSION


192.00 J/(kg K)

SPECIFIC HEAT


5.500 kJ/mol

HEAT FUSION


350.000 kJ/mol

HEAT VAPORISATION


-

HEAT COMBUSTION


12.50 K, -260.65 °C

CURIE POINT


-

NEEL POINT


-

ADIABATIC INDEX


Solid

PHASE

Conductor

ELECTRICAL TYPE


1.40M S/m

CONDUCTIVITY


740.00n Ω.m

RESISTIVITY


0.022 K

SUPERCONDUCTING POINT


Paramagnetic

MAGNETIC TYPE


0.000'000'220'0

MASS SUSCEPTIBILITY


0.000'000'030'826'00

MOLAR SUSCEPTIBILITY


0.001'471'600'00

VOLUME SUSCEPTIBILITY

Lanthanide

CLASSIFICATION


140.115'726'2

ATOMIC WEIGHT


183 pm

ATOMIC RADIUS


163 pm

COVALENT RADIUS SINGLE BOND


137 pm

COVALENT RADIUS DOUBLE BOND


131 pm

COVALENT RADIUS TRIPLE BOND


235 pm

VAN DER WAALS RADIUS


[Xe]6s²4f¹5d¹

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION


Hexagonal, Close Packed Double

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE


6.689'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS SOLID


6.550'00 g/cm³

DENSITY AS LIQUID


-

DENSITY AS GAS


P6₃/mmc

SPACE GROUP NAME


194

SPACE GROUP NUMBER


π/2, π/2 2π/3

LATTICE ANGLES


362, 362 599 pm

LATTICE CONSTANTS

4

VALENCE


1.12

ELECTRONEGATIVITY


92.15 kJ/mol

ELECTRON AFFINITY


IONISATION ENERGY

element element element element
element element

0.000'001 %

UNIVERSE


0.000'075 %

METEORITES


0.000'000'4 %

SUN


0.006 %

EARTH CRUST


0.000'000'000'12 %

OCEANS


-

HUMANS

Stable

HALF LIFE


Stable

LIFETIME


5d¹ = 5, 2, -2, +1/22

QUANTUM NUMBERS


2.940'00 b σs

NEUTRON CROSS SECTION


0.630'00 b σa

NEUTRON MASS ABSORPTION


STABLE ISOTOPES

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UNSTABLE ISOTOPES

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ISOTOPIC CHAIN

CENTRALDATACORE

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